Showing papers in "Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews in 2020"

TL;DR: This review systematically analyzes the available human studies to identify harmful stressors, vulnerable periods during pregnancy, specificities in the outcome and biological correlates of the relation between maternal stress and offspring outcome.

TL;DR: The results reveal that GIA may reflect a pattern of increasing human-machine interaction and be moderated by year, regions, types of scales, and sample representativeness.

TL;DR: Insight in the role of stress in VTA-DA plasticity and connectivity, during reward processing and stress-coping, will be helpful to better understand the mechanism of resilience to breakdown of adaptation.

TL;DR: Results indicate that social isolation and loneliness could be linked with systemic inflammation, but more robust methodology is needed to confirm these associations and unpack mechanisms.

TL;DR: There exist two sets of neurocognitive mechanisms underlying statistical learning, and a "suite" of associative-based, automatic, modality-specific learning mechanisms are mediated by the general principle of cortical plasticity, which results in improved processing and perceptual facilitation of encountered stimuli.

TL;DR: This work analyzed the language used to describe attention-related aspects of emotion, and highlighted terms related to domains such as conscious awareness, motivational effects of attention, social attention, and emotion regulation within a broader review of available evidence regarding the neural correlates of emotion-attention interactions.

TL;DR: The main message of the present review is that the complex relationship between sleep and stress changes dramatically on the basis of the time scale considered and, consequently, "time" should be considered as a critical factor when facing this topic.

TL;DR: Empirical evidence for the effects of maternal infection and immune activation, as well as major findings in different poly I:C MIA models with a focus on polyI:C exposure timing, behavioural and molecular changes in the offspring, are reviewed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that different theories focus on neural signs and measures of distinct aspects of neural activity including stimulus-related, prestimulus, and resting state activity as well as on distinct features of consciousness which may be integrated and nested within the brain's overall temporo-spatial dynamics.

TL;DR: There is a gradient organization in self-processing, through which body-environment information is integrated for the self via propagation from Interoceptive-processing to Mental-self-processing.

TL;DR: Neuroimaging research investigating self-referential processing (SRP), that is, how the authors respond to stimuli that reference ourselves, is reviewed, to outline a conceptual and methodological framework for future SRP research that briefly applies toward understanding certain psychological and neurological disorders symptomatically associated with abnormal SRP.

TL;DR: This study is among the first to explore multiple domains of HRB in relation to AL, and found that 50% of obesity and substance abuse, 75% of sleep and 62.5% of combined HRB studies showed a significant association with AL.

TL;DR: Findings generally support an association between childhood maltreatment and altered patterns of DNAm, but factors such as the lack of longitudinal data, low comparability across studies as well as potential genetic and 'pre-exposure' environmental confounding currently limit the conclusions that can be drawn.

TL;DR: A bottom-up, multidisciplinary approach to the study of spontaneous mimicry is proposed that accounts for the evolutionary continuity linking non-human and human animals.

TL;DR: Results show that surprisingly, compared to L2, lexico-semantic processing in L1 involves a widespread system of cortico-subcortical regions, especially when L2 is acquired later in life, and points to a shared neural network for L1 and L2.

TL;DR: Mechanisms of suppressing fear responses during stimulus discrimination, fear extinction, and active avoidance are discussed, focusing on the well-studied tripartite circuit consisting of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.

TL;DR: It is shown that spurious result can be obtained on random data by modifying hyperparameters in seemingly innocuous ways, despite the use of cross-validation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide administration on the physiological (fever and cytokines), behavioral and emotional components of the sickness response in rodents and humans are compared.

TL;DR: This review summarizes studies showing that the visual brain of sighted adults retains a type of developmental plasticity, called homeostatic Plasticity, and this property has been recently exploited successfully for adult amblyopia recovery.

TL;DR: A systematic review of the literature on 55 studies investigating electro-dermal, heart rate and pupillometry measures found that Stimulant medications increased ANS activity and, in some studies, reinforcers and rewards produced a similar effect, suggesting that ANS function can be modified in ADHD.

TL;DR: This work has shown that neural correlates of conscious emotion can be investigated in humans and animals and contemporary theories of consciousness have differing implications for animals.

TL;DR: Preliminary but promising results that should be further explored in controlled trials with larger sample sizes, especially considering that these compounds could be beneficial in the treatment of treatment-resistant psychiatric disorders.

TL;DR: K-means clustering is applied to a large set of previously published experiments investigating emotion regulation to segregate the results of these experiments into large-scale networks, which corroborate and inform contemporary models of emotion regulation and thereby significantly add to the literature.

TL;DR: It is proposed that spatiotemporal disturbances in brainstem development may be a primary cause of ASD that propagates towards the cerebral cortex, as well as the disruption in circadian rhythms and sleep that are observed in a subset of ASD.

TL;DR: This review will discuss the possible biological mechanisms, including glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmissions, inflammatory signals and oxidative stress related systems, which are targeted by adverse environmental exposures and that have been associated with the development of SZ and ASD and the emerging role of the gut microbiome.

TL;DR: Enduring changes in personality/attitudes, depression, spirituality, anxiety, wellbeing, substance misuse, meditative practices, and mindfulness were documented, and with proper screening, preparation, supervision, and integration, limited aversive side effects were noted by study participants.

TL;DR: This review details the background context, historical development, features, psychometric properties, modulatory factors, and impact of animal grimace scales for pain.

TL;DR: This review discusses the BPSD-like behaviours recapitulated by several mouse models of AD-related pathology, including the APP/PS1, Tg2576, 3xTg-AD, 5xFAD, and APP23 models and suggests that transgenic mouse models are an important tool to investigate the pathology underlying B PSD in human AD patients.

TL;DR: A dose-response relationship further supports the guideline from the standpoint of dementia prevention, and higher BMI produced opposite exerted opposite effects on dementia in mid- and late-age population.

TL;DR: The systematic analysis suggests that a specific circuit between the medial prefrontal cortex, lateral EC and hippocampus encodes the information for event, place and time of occurrence into the complex episodic-like memory, as a top-down regulation from the mPFC onto the hippocampus.