Short‐term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance
Martin J. Gibala,Jonathan P. Little,Martin Van Essen,Geoffrey Wilkin,Kirsten A. Burgomaster,Adeel Safdar,Sandeep Raha,Mark A. Tarnopolsky +7 more
TLDR
Data demonstrate that SIT is a time‐efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.Abstract:
Brief, intense exercise training may induce metabolic and performance adaptations comparable to traditional endurance training. However, no study has directly compared these diverse training strategies in a standardized manner. We therefore examined changes in exercise capacity and molecular and cellular adaptations in skeletal muscle after low volume sprint-interval training (SIT) and high volume endurance training (ET). Sixteen active men (21 +/- 1 years, ) were assigned to a SIT or ET group (n = 8 each) and performed six training sessions over 14 days. Each session consisted of either four to six repeats of 30 s 'all out' cycling at approximately 250% with 4 min recovery (SIT) or 90-120 min continuous cycling at approximately 65% (ET). Training time commitment over 2 weeks was approximately 2.5 h for SIT and approximately 10.5 h for ET, and total training volume was approximately 90% lower for SIT versus ET ( approximately 630 versus approximately 6500 kJ). Training decreased the time required to complete 50 and 750 kJ cycling time trials, with no difference between groups (main effects, P </= 0.05). Biopsy samples obtained before and after training revealed similar increases in muscle oxidative capacity, as reflected by the maximal activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and COX subunits II and IV protein content (main effects, P </= 0.05), but COX II and IV mRNAs were unchanged. Training-induced increases in muscle buffering capacity and glycogen content were also similar between groups (main effects, P </= 0.05). Given the large difference in training volume, these data demonstrate that SIT is a time-efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Skeletal Muscle Constructs Engineered from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Myogenic Progenitors Exhibit Enhanced Contractile Forces When Differentiated in a Medium Containing EGM-2 Supplements
TL;DR: The results suggest that temporal conditioning with the EGM‐2 supplements assists functional development of hPSC‐derived skeletal muscle constructs.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Postprandial Triacylglycerol
TL;DR: The evidence suggests that supramaximal HIIE can induce large reductions in postprandial TAG levels but findings are inconsistent, and future research should examine if submaximal interval exercise can reduce TAG levels in line with more realistic and achievable exercise durations of 30 min per day.
Journal ArticleDOI
Caffeine prevents high-intensity exercise-induced increase in enzymatic antioxidant and Na+-K+-ATPase activities and reduction of anxiolytic like-behaviour in rats.
Juliano Marchi Vieira,Fabiano B. Carvalho,Jessié Martins Gutierres,Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares,Pathise Souto Oliveira,Maribel Antonello Rubin,Vera Maria Morsch,Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger,Roselia Maria Spanevello +8 more
TL;DR: The results show that caffeine promoted anxiogenic behaviour and prevented HIIT-induced changes in the antioxidant system and Na+-K+-ATPase activities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alteration in cardiac uncoupling proteins and eNOS gene expression following high-intensity interval training in favor of increasing mechanical efficiency.
TL;DR: This study indicates that Long term HIIT through decreasing UCPs mRNA and increasing eNOS mRNA expression may enhance energy efficiency and physical performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Physiological Adaptations Following Endurance Exercises after Stroke: Focus on the Plausible Role of High-Intensity Interval Training
Jérôme Laurin,Caroline Pin-Barre +1 more
TL;DR: Examination of the neurophysiological and physiological adaptations associated with two effective modalities of endurance training after stroke: the continuous low-intensity endurance training and the HIT concluded that this training modality might be involved in endurance program as complement or alternate of the traditional low intensity training in stroke patient.
References
More filters
Journal Article
Protein Measurement with the Folin Phenol Reagent
TL;DR: Procedures are described for measuring protein in solution or after precipitation with acids or other agents, and for the determination of as little as 0.2 gamma of protein.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative pcr and the 2(-delta delta c(t)) method
TL;DR: The 2-Delta Delta C(T) method as mentioned in this paper was proposed to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from real-time quantitative PCR experiments, and it has been shown to be useful in the analysis of realtime, quantitative PCR data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adaptations of skeletal muscle to endurance exercise and their metabolic consequences
J. O. Holloszy,Edward F. Coyle +1 more
TL;DR: The major metabolic consequences of the adaptations of muscle to endurance exercise are a slower utilization of muscle glycogen and blood glucose, a greater reliance on fat oxidation, and less lactate production during exercise of a given intensity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise induces transient transcriptional activation of the PGC-1α gene in human skeletal muscle
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that exercise induces a dramatic transient increase in PGC‐1α transcription and mRNA content in human skeletal muscle, consistent with its role as a transcriptional coactivator, and suggest that PGC•1α may coordinate the activation of metabolic genes in human muscle in response to exercise.
Skeletal muscle adaptability : Significance for metabolism and performance
TL;DR: The sections in this article are: Fiber Composition in Human Skeletal Muscle, Motor Unit Recruitment, Adaptive Response, and Significance of Adaptation.