Short‐term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance
Martin J. Gibala,Jonathan P. Little,Martin Van Essen,Geoffrey Wilkin,Kirsten A. Burgomaster,Adeel Safdar,Sandeep Raha,Mark A. Tarnopolsky +7 more
TLDR
Data demonstrate that SIT is a time‐efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.Abstract:
Brief, intense exercise training may induce metabolic and performance adaptations comparable to traditional endurance training. However, no study has directly compared these diverse training strategies in a standardized manner. We therefore examined changes in exercise capacity and molecular and cellular adaptations in skeletal muscle after low volume sprint-interval training (SIT) and high volume endurance training (ET). Sixteen active men (21 +/- 1 years, ) were assigned to a SIT or ET group (n = 8 each) and performed six training sessions over 14 days. Each session consisted of either four to six repeats of 30 s 'all out' cycling at approximately 250% with 4 min recovery (SIT) or 90-120 min continuous cycling at approximately 65% (ET). Training time commitment over 2 weeks was approximately 2.5 h for SIT and approximately 10.5 h for ET, and total training volume was approximately 90% lower for SIT versus ET ( approximately 630 versus approximately 6500 kJ). Training decreased the time required to complete 50 and 750 kJ cycling time trials, with no difference between groups (main effects, P </= 0.05). Biopsy samples obtained before and after training revealed similar increases in muscle oxidative capacity, as reflected by the maximal activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and COX subunits II and IV protein content (main effects, P </= 0.05), but COX II and IV mRNAs were unchanged. Training-induced increases in muscle buffering capacity and glycogen content were also similar between groups (main effects, P </= 0.05). Given the large difference in training volume, these data demonstrate that SIT is a time-efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training regimes on cardiodynamic parameters in isolated heart of normotensive and hypertensive rats
Biljana Jakovljevic,Tamara Nikolic Turnic,Nevena Jeremic,Maja Savic,Jovana Jeremic,Ivan Srejovic,Branislav Belic,Nenad Ponorac,Vladimir Jakovljevic,Vladimir Zivkovic +9 more
TL;DR: HIIT induced more significant increase of contractile and relaxation parameters of the isolated rat heart, especially in hypertensive animals, and MIT was connected with cardiac depression in normotensive conditions, while HIIT leads to cardiac depressionIn hypertensive rats.
Journal Article
Physiological loading during normal daily life and exercise assessed with electromyography
TL;DR: Daily life was shown to be physically more demanding for the elderly due to lower maximum strength levels highlighting the importance of maintaining strength levels with aging, and long-term recordings of EMG provided novel insights into daily inactivity and activity of main locomotor muscles.
Journal Article
Adaptations in body composition, metabolic health and physical fitness during strength or endurance training or their combination in healthy middle-aged and older adults
TL;DR: The present combined training program did not produce synergistic benefits for metabolic health over endurance or strength training only, but was especially effective in improving body composition and both aerobic performance and muscle strength, which may be of high value in preventing worsening metabolic syndrome risk factors even in low-risk individuals without the metabolic syn-
Journal ArticleDOI
Modulation of Endothelial Glycocalyx and Microcirculation in Healthy Young Men during High-Intensity Sprint Interval Cycling-Exercise by Supplementation with Pomegranate Extract. A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Zivile Pranskuniene,Egle Belousoviene,Neringa Baranauskiene,Nerijus Eimantas,Egle Vaitkaitiene,Jurga Bernatoniene,Marius Brazaitis,Andrius Pranskunas +7 more
TL;DR: Two weeks of supplementation with pomegranate extract does not influence changes in the microcirculation and glycocalyx during acute high-intensity sprint interval cycling-exercise, although an unexplained rise in blood lactate concentration was observed.
References
More filters
Journal Article
Protein Measurement with the Folin Phenol Reagent
TL;DR: Procedures are described for measuring protein in solution or after precipitation with acids or other agents, and for the determination of as little as 0.2 gamma of protein.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative pcr and the 2(-delta delta c(t)) method
TL;DR: The 2-Delta Delta C(T) method as mentioned in this paper was proposed to analyze the relative changes in gene expression from real-time quantitative PCR experiments, and it has been shown to be useful in the analysis of realtime, quantitative PCR data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adaptations of skeletal muscle to endurance exercise and their metabolic consequences
J. O. Holloszy,Edward F. Coyle +1 more
TL;DR: The major metabolic consequences of the adaptations of muscle to endurance exercise are a slower utilization of muscle glycogen and blood glucose, a greater reliance on fat oxidation, and less lactate production during exercise of a given intensity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise induces transient transcriptional activation of the PGC-1α gene in human skeletal muscle
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that exercise induces a dramatic transient increase in PGC‐1α transcription and mRNA content in human skeletal muscle, consistent with its role as a transcriptional coactivator, and suggest that PGC•1α may coordinate the activation of metabolic genes in human muscle in response to exercise.
Skeletal muscle adaptability : Significance for metabolism and performance
TL;DR: The sections in this article are: Fiber Composition in Human Skeletal Muscle, Motor Unit Recruitment, Adaptive Response, and Significance of Adaptation.