Short‐term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance
Martin J. Gibala,Jonathan P. Little,Martin Van Essen,Geoffrey Wilkin,Kirsten A. Burgomaster,Adeel Safdar,Sandeep Raha,Mark A. Tarnopolsky +7 more
TLDR
Data demonstrate that SIT is a time‐efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.Abstract:
Brief, intense exercise training may induce metabolic and performance adaptations comparable to traditional endurance training. However, no study has directly compared these diverse training strategies in a standardized manner. We therefore examined changes in exercise capacity and molecular and cellular adaptations in skeletal muscle after low volume sprint-interval training (SIT) and high volume endurance training (ET). Sixteen active men (21 +/- 1 years, ) were assigned to a SIT or ET group (n = 8 each) and performed six training sessions over 14 days. Each session consisted of either four to six repeats of 30 s 'all out' cycling at approximately 250% with 4 min recovery (SIT) or 90-120 min continuous cycling at approximately 65% (ET). Training time commitment over 2 weeks was approximately 2.5 h for SIT and approximately 10.5 h for ET, and total training volume was approximately 90% lower for SIT versus ET ( approximately 630 versus approximately 6500 kJ). Training decreased the time required to complete 50 and 750 kJ cycling time trials, with no difference between groups (main effects, P </= 0.05). Biopsy samples obtained before and after training revealed similar increases in muscle oxidative capacity, as reflected by the maximal activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and COX subunits II and IV protein content (main effects, P </= 0.05), but COX II and IV mRNAs were unchanged. Training-induced increases in muscle buffering capacity and glycogen content were also similar between groups (main effects, P </= 0.05). Given the large difference in training volume, these data demonstrate that SIT is a time-efficient strategy to induce rapid adaptations in skeletal muscle and exercise performance that are comparable to ET in young active men.read more
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Haemodynamic Kinetics and Intermittent Finger Flexor Performance in Rock Climbers
Simon M Fryer,Lee Stoner,Adam A. Lucero,Trevor Witter,Carl Scarrott,Tabitha Dickson,Matthew Cole,Nick Draper +7 more
TL;DR: The higher FTI seen in elite climbers may be attributable to a greater blood delivery, and an enhanced O2 recovery during the 3-s release periods, as well as a superior muscle oxidative capacity associated with the greater de-oxygenation during the 10’s contractions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repeated sprints: an independent not dependent variable
TL;DR: It is proposed that repeated-sprint exercise in team sports should be viewed as an independent variable as opposed to a dependent variable, effective in developing acceleration, speed, explosive leg power, aerobic power, and high-intensity-running performance--all of which are crucial to team-sport performance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acute upregulation of PGC-1α mRNA correlates with training-induced increases in SDH activity in human skeletal muscle.
Jacob T. Bonafiglia,Brittany A. Edgett,Brittany L. Baechler,Matthew W. Nelms,Craig A. Simpson,Joe Quadrilatero,Brendon J. Gurd +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that acute upregulation of PGC-1α mRNA relates to the magnitude of subsequent training-induced increases in oxidative capacity, but not other molecular and morphological chronic skeletal muscle adaptations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative capacity and glycogen content increase more in arm than leg muscle in sedentary women after intense training
Nikolai Baastrup Nordsborg,Luke J Connolly,Pal Weihe,Enzo Iuliano,Peter Krustrup,Bengt Saltin,Magni Mohr,Magni Mohr +7 more
TL;DR: The deltoideus muscle has a higher adaptive potential than the vastus lateralis muscle in sedentary women, and "high-intensity low- volume" training is a more efficient regime than "low-intensity high-volume" training for increasing the aerobic capacity of the deltoidus muscle.
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Physiological responses to repeated apneas in underwater hockey players and controls.
Frédéric Lemaître,D. Polin,Fabrice Joulia,A. Boutry,D. Le Pessot,Didier Chollet,Claire Tourny-Chollet +6 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that more pronounced bradycardia could lead to less oxygen desaturation during repeated apneas in UHP, which shows a specific hypoventilatory pattern after repeated apnea, as well as a more pronounced cardiovascular response than CTL.
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