Journal ArticleDOI
Shunting Problems Due to Sub-Micron Pinholes in Evaporated Solid-Phase Crystallised Poly-Si Thin-Film Solar Cells on Glass
Oliver Kunz,Johnson Wong,J. Janssens,J. Bauer,Otwin Breitenstein,Armin G. Aberle,Armin G. Aberle +6 more
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TLDR
In this paper, two distinctly different approaches are shown to reduce the shunting problem to a negligible level: (i) to contact only a small fraction of the rear Si surface via a point contacting scheme, whereby the metal layer needs to be thin and the fractional area coverage small (<5%), and (ii) to deposit line contacts in a bifacial inter-digitated scheme.Abstract:
Recent progress in the metallisation of poly-silicon thin-film solar cells on glass, created by solid phase crystallisation (SPC) of evaporated amorphous silicon (EVA), revealed that shunting through sub-micron holes (density 100–200 mm−2) in the films causes severe shunting problems when the air-side metal contact is deposited onto these diodes, by creating effective shunting paths between the two highly doped layers of EVA cells. We present evidence of these pinholes by optical transmission and focussed ion beam (FIB) microscopic images and confirm the point-like pinhole shunts using lock-in thermographic images. The latter revealed that the Al rear electrode induces strong ohmic shunts below the grid lines and a high density of weak non-linear shunts away from the grid lines. Two distinctly different approaches are shown to reduce the shunting problem to a negligible level: (i) to contact only a small fraction of the rear Si surface via a point contacting scheme, whereby the metal layer needs to be thin (<1 µm) and the fractional area coverage small (<5%), and (ii) to deposit line contacts in a bifacial interdigitated scheme, whereby a thick layer of metal is deposited followed by a wet-chemical etching step that effectively reduces shunting by preferentially etching away the shunting paths. Test devices with an area of 1 cm2 achieve pseudo fill factors (pFF) of above 75% and diode ideality factors of below 1·3, demonstrating that the proposed methods are well suited for the metallisation of the rear surface of EVA solar cells. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Universality of non-ohmic shunt leakage in thin-film solar cells
Sourabh Dongaonkar,Jonathan D. Servaites,Grayson M. Ford,Stephen Loser,James E. Moore,Ryan M. Gelfand,Hooman Mohseni,Hugh W. Hillhouse,Rakesh Agrawal,Mark A. Ratner,Tobin J. Marks,Mark Lundstrom,Muhammad A. Alam +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare the dark currentvoltage (IV) characteristics of three different thin-film solar cell types: hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) p-i-n cells, organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) cells, and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atomic Layer Deposited Aluminum Oxide for Interface Passivation of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Thin‐Film Solar Cells
Yun Seog Lee,Talia S. Gershon,Teodor K. Todorov,Wei Wang,Mark T. Winkler,Marinus Hopstaken,Oki Gunawan,Jeehwan Kim +7 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Device design rules and operation principles of high-power perovskite solar cells for indoor applications
Myung Hyun Ann,Jincheol Kim,Moonyong Kim,Ghaida Alosaimi,Dohyung Kim,Na Young Ha,Jan Seidel,Nochang Park,Jae Sung Yun,Jong H. Kim +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the design principles of high-power perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for low-intensity indoor light applications, with a particular focus on the electron transport layers (ETLs), were reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polycrystalline silicon on glass thin-film solar cells: A transition from solid-phase to liquid-phase crystallised silicon
Sergey Varlamov,Jonathon Dore,Rhett Evans,D. Ong,B. Eggleston,Oliver Kunz,U. Schubert,Trevor Young,Jialiang Huang,Thomas Söderström,K. Omaki,Kyung Kim,Anthony Teal,Miga Jung,Jae Sung Yun,Z.M. Pakhuruddin,Renate Egan,Martin A. Green +17 more
TL;DR: A review of major features of the crystalline silicon on glass (CSG) technology, its achievements, limitations and challenges, and latest developments is presented in this article, where the best performing ebeam-evaporated cells on planar glass reached 8.6% efficiency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of series and shunt resistances in amorphous silicon thin film solar cells
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of series resistance and shunt leakage on a-Si:H thin-film solar cells were investigated using advanced simulation tools and the obtained electrical values were compared with experimental results.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Columnar microstructure in vapor-deposited thin films
A.G. Dirks,H.J. Leamy +1 more
TL;DR: The columnar microstructures commonly observed in crystalline and amorphous thin films possess many morphological features in common, such as a low density or void network that surrounds an array of parallel uniform-sized rods of higher density as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A vision for crystalline silicon photovoltaics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the driving forces behind the continued strength of crystalline silicon technology and discuss the barriers that have inhibited the emergence of competing technologies, along with the steps that need to be taken to surmount those barriers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Shunt Types in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
TL;DR: In this article, nine different types of shunt have been found in state-of-the-art mono and multicrystalline solar cells by lock-in thermography and identified by SEM investigation.
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