Journal ArticleDOI
Subcellular homeostasis of phytohormone auxin is mediated by the ER-localized PIN5 transporter
Jozef Mravec,Jozef Mravec,Petr Skůpa,Aurélien Bailly,Klára Hoyerová,Pavel Křeček,Agnieszka Bielach,Jan Petrášek,Jing Zhang,Jing Zhang,Vassilena Gaykova,York-Dieter Stierhof,Petre I. Dobrev,Kateřina Schwarzerová,Jakub Rolčík,Daniela Seifertová,Christian Luschnig,Eva Benková,Eva Zažímalová,Markus Geisler,Jiří Friml,Jiří Friml +21 more
TLDR
It is shown that Arabidopsis thaliana PIN5, an atypical member of the PIN gene family, encodes a functional auxin transporter that is required for auxin-mediated development and represents an ancient event during the evolution of land plants.Abstract:
The plant signalling molecule auxin provides positional information in a variety of developmental processes by means of its differential distribution (gradients) within plant tissues. Thus, cellular auxin levels often determine the developmental output of auxin signalling. Conceptually, transmembrane transport and metabolic processes regulate the steady-state levels of auxin in any given cell. In particular, PIN auxin-efflux-carrier-mediated, directional transport between cells is crucial for generating auxin gradients. Here we show that Arabidopsis thaliana PIN5, an atypical member of the PIN gene family, encodes a functional auxin transporter that is required for auxin-mediated development. PIN5 does not have a direct role in cell-to-cell transport but regulates intracellular auxin homeostasis and metabolism. PIN5 localizes, unlike other characterized plasma membrane PIN proteins, to endoplasmic reticulum (ER), presumably mediating auxin flow from the cytosol to the lumen of the ER. The ER localization of other PIN5-like transporters (including the moss PIN) indicates that the diversification of PIN protein functions in mediating auxin homeostasis at the ER, and cell-to-cell auxin transport at the plasma membrane, represent an ancient event during the evolution of land plants.read more
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Flavonoids as antioxidants in plants: Location and functional significance
TL;DR: The genes that govern the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonoids are present in liverworts and mosses and are mostly up-regulated as a consequence of severe stress, which suggests that the antioxidant Flavonoid metabolism is a robust trait of terrestrial plants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Auxin transport routes in plant development.
TL;DR: This primer discusses how the coordinated activity of several auxin influx and efflux systems, which transport auxin across the plasma membrane, mediates directional auxin flow and contributes to the correct setting of developmental cues in embryogenesis, organogenesis, vascular tissue formation and directional growth in response to environmental stimuli.
Journal ArticleDOI
PIN-Dependent Auxin Transport: Action, Regulation, and Evolution
Maciek Adamowski,Jiří Friml +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the multiple developmental roles of PIN proteins, including the atypical endoplasmic reticulum-localized members of the family, are provided, and the family from an evolutionary perspective is looked at.
Journal ArticleDOI
Auxin conjugates: their role for plant development and in the evolution of land plants
TL;DR: The function of auxin conjugates has been mainly elucidated by mutant analysis in genes for synthesis or hydrolysis and a possible function for conjugate inferred from these results, but there is increasing evidence of the occurrence of peptides and proteins modified by IAA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluorescent protein-based redox probes
Andreas J. Meyer,Tobias P. Dick +1 more
TL;DR: Genetically encoded redox probes enable the functional analysis of individual proteins in cellular redox homeostasis, and redox biosensor transgenic model organisms offer extended opportunities for dynamic in vivo imaging of redox processes.
References
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Eva Benková,Marta Michniewicz,Michael Sauer,Thomas Teichmann,Daniela Seifertová,Gerd Jürgens,Jiří Friml +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that organ formation in Arabidopsis involves dynamic gradients of the signaling molecule auxin with maxima at the primordia tips, which suggest that PIN-dependent, local auxin gradients represent a common module for formation of all plant organs, regardless of their mature morphology or developmental origin.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Related Papers (5)
PIN Proteins Perform a Rate-Limiting Function in Cellular Auxin Efflux
Jan Petrášek,Jozef Mravec,Rodolphe Bouchard,Joshua J. Blakeslee,Melinda Abas,Daniela Seifertová,Justyna Wiśniewska,Zerihun Tadele,Martin Kubeš,Milada Čovanová,Pankaj Dhonukshe,Petr Skůpa,Eva Benková,Lucie Perry,Pavel Křeček,Ok Ran Lee,Gerald R. Fink,Markus Geisler,Angus S. Murphy,Christian Luschnig,Eva Zazímalová,Jiri Friml +21 more