Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide prevention strategies: a systematic review.
J. John Mann,Alan Apter,José Manoel Bertolote,Annette L. Beautrais,Dianne Currier,Ann Pollinger Haas,Ulrich Hegerl,Jouko Lönnqvist,Kevin M. Malone,Andrej Marusic,Lars Mehlum,George C Patton,Michael R. Phillips,Wolfgang Rutz,Zoltán Rihmer,Armin Schmidtke,David Shaffer,Morton M. Silverman,Yoshitomo Takahashi,Airi Värnik,Danuta Wasserman,Paul S. F. Yip,Herbert Hendin +22 more
TLDR
Physician education in depression recognition and treatment and restricting access to lethal methods reduce suicide rates, and other interventions need more evidence of efficacy.Abstract:
ContextIn 2002, an estimated 877 000 lives were lost worldwide through
suicide. Some developed nations have implemented national suicide prevention
plans. Although these plans generally propose multiple interventions, their
effectiveness is rarely evaluated.ObjectivesTo examine evidence for the effectiveness of specific suicide-preventive
interventions and to make recommendations for future prevention programs and
research.Data Sources and Study SelectionRelevant publications were identified via electronic searches of MEDLINE,
the Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO databases using multiple search terms
related to suicide prevention. Studies, published between 1966 and June 2005,
included those that evaluated preventative interventions in major domains;
education and awareness for the general public and for professionals; screening
tools for at-risk individuals; treatment of psychiatric disorders; restricting
access to lethal means; and responsible media reporting of suicide.Data ExtractionData were extracted on primary outcomes of interest: suicidal behavior
(completion, attempt, ideation), intermediary or secondary outcomes (treatment
seeking, identification of at-risk individuals, antidepressant prescription/use
rates, referrals), or both. Experts from 15 countries reviewed all studies.
Included articles were those that reported on completed and attempted suicide
and suicidal ideation; or, where applicable, intermediate outcomes, including
help-seeking behavior, identification of at-risk individuals, entry into treatment,
and antidepressant prescription rates. We included 3 major types of studies
for which the research question was clearly defined: systematic reviews and
meta-analyses (n = 10); quantitative studies, either randomized
controlled trials (n = 18) or cohort studies (n = 24);
and ecological, or population- based studies (n = 41). Heterogeneity
of study populations and methodology did not permit formal meta-analysis;
thus, a narrative synthesis is presented.Data SynthesisEducation of physicians and restricting access to lethal means were
found to prevent suicide. Other methods including public education, screening
programs, and media education need more testing.ConclusionsPhysician education in depression recognition and treatment and restricting
access to lethal methods reduce suicide rates. Other interventions need more
evidence of efficacy. Ascertaining which components of suicide prevention
programs are effective in reducing rates of suicide and suicide attempt is
essential in order to optimize use of limited resources.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide Intervention Training for K–12 Schools: A Quasi-Experimental Study on ASIST
TL;DR: In this paper, a quasi-experimental study investigated differences between 104 school personnel who received a standardized suicide awareness and prevention training (i.e., Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training) and 45 control group participants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brief CBT for insomnia delivered in primary care to patients endorsing suicidal ideation: a proof-of-concept randomized clinical trial.
Wilfred R. Pigeon,Wilfred R. Pigeon,Jennifer S. Funderburk,Jennifer S. Funderburk,Jennifer S. Funderburk,Wendi Cross,Wendi Cross,Todd M. Bishop,Todd M. Bishop,Hugh F. Crean,Hugh F. Crean +10 more
TL;DR: Findings from this proof-of-concept trial support the feasibility of delivering bCBTi in primary care and its capacity to improve mood and sleep in patients endorsing SI and suggest this or other insomnia interventions may be considered as components of suicide prevention strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Violence as a Public Health Risk
TL;DR: By understanding the burden of violence, the factors that place people at risk for and protect people from experiencing violence, and strategies that can prevent and interrupt violence, health practitioners can play a more active role in enhancing the health and safety of their patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Treating the Capability for Suicide: A Vital and Understudied Frontier in Suicide Prevention.
Michael D. Anestis,Keyne C. Law,Hyejin Jin,Claire Houtsma,Lauren R. Khazem,Brittney L. Assavedo +5 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that current suicidality treatment efforts trail current suICidality theories in their lack of focus on the extent to which individuals thinking about suicide are capable of transitioning from ideation to attempt.
Journal Article
Suicide epidemiology and characteristics among young Iranians at poison ward, Loghman-Hakim Hospital (1997-2007).
Abdolkarim Pajoumand,Haleh Talaie,Arezou Mahdavinejad,Shirin Birang,Mahboubeh Zarei,Fatemeh Fereshteh Mehregan,Babak Mostafazadeh +6 more
TL;DR: Suicide due to drug overdose is higher in females than males in young population, which is a psychiatric concern and should be resolved by improving mental and public health.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Collaborative management to achieve treatment guidelines : impact on depression in primary care
Wayne Katon,Michael Von Korff,Elizabeth H. B. Lin,Edward A. Walker,Greg Simon,Terry Bush,Patricia Robinson,Joan Russo +7 more
TL;DR: A multifaceted intervention consisting of collaborative management by the primary care physician and a consulting psychiatrist, intensive patient education, and surveillance of continued refills of antidepressant medication improved adherence to antidepressant regimens in patients with major and with minor depression and resulted in more favorable depressive outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contact with mental health and primary care providers before suicide: A review of the evidence
TL;DR: Alternative approaches to suicide-prevention efforts may be needed for those less likely to be seen in primary care or mental health specialty care, specifically young men.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Hundred Cases of Suicide: Clinical Aspects
TL;DR: Two recent American studies have shown more than 90 per cent of suicides to be mentally ill before their death, and the familiar clinical observation that suicidal thoughts disappear when the illness is successfully treated provide a strong case for a medical policy of prevention.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychiatric Diagnosis in Child and Adolescent Suicide
David Shaffer,Madelyn S. Gould,Prudence W. Fisher,Paul D. Trautman,Donna Moreau,Marjorie Kleinman,Michael Flory +6 more
TL;DR: A limited range of diagnoses--most commonly a mood disorder alone or in combination with conduct disorder and/or substance abuse--characterizes most suicides among teenagers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Youth suicide risk and preventive interventions: A review of the past 10 years.
TL;DR: While tremendous strides have been made in understanding of who is at risk for suicide, it is incumbent upon future research efforts to focus on the development and evaluation of empirically based suicide prevention and treatment protocols.