Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, and financial development on carbon emissions: empirical evidence from Turkey
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TLDR
The cointegration analysis reveals that there exists a long-run relationship between the per capita real income, per capita energy consumption, trade openness, financial development, and per capita carbon emissions in the presence of structural breaks, and the EKC hypothesis is valid for Turkey both in the long run and short run.Abstract:
This study examines the impact of economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, financial development on carbon emissions for the case of Turkey by using annual time series data for the period of 1960-2013. The Lee and Strazicich test suggests that the variables are suitable for applying the bounds testing approach to cointegration. The cointegration analysis reveals that there exists a long-run relationship between the per capita real income, per capita energy consumption, trade openness, financial development, and per capita carbon emissions in the presence of structural breaks. The results show that in the long run, carbon emissions are mainly determined by economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, and financial development. The VECM Granger causality analysis indicates a long-run unidirectional causality running from economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness, and financial development to carbon emissions. The findings also show that the EKC hypothesis is valid for Turkey both in the long run and short run. The study provides some implications for policy makers to decrease carbon emissions in Turkey.read more
Citations
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Modelling for insight: Does financial development improve environmental quality?
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the direct and indirect effect of financial development on carbon emissions for 46 sub-Saharan Africa countries over the period 2000-2015, using the system-generalised method of moments.
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Analyzing the effect of natural gas, nuclear energy and renewable energy on GDP and carbon emissions: A multi-variate panel data analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of natural gas, renewable energy and nuclear energy consumption on economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in the ten highest CO2 emitting countries within a multivariate context for the duration of 1990-2014.
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The impact of tourism developments on CO2 emissions: An advanced panel data estimation
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of tourism developments on CO2 emissions in the most visited countries is examined from 1995 to 2014 by conducting the continuously updated fully modified (CUP-FM) and continuously updated bias-corrected estimators.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Impact of Financial Development on Carbon Emissions: A Global Perspective
Chun Jiang,Xiaoxin Ma +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between financial development and carbon emissions based on a system generalized method of moments and the data of 155 countries, and further analyzed the national differences by dividing the sample countries into two subgroups: developed countries and emerging market and developing countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluating the environmental effects of economic openness: evidence from SAARC countries.
TL;DR: It is concluded that SAARC countries should invest in green energy and promote green trade liberalization because trade, FDI, capital, and economic growth in the long run have a positive correlation with environmental degradation inSAARC countries while FDI and capital inflows have a negative relation with CO2 emissions in the short run.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Co-integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation and Testing
TL;DR: The relationship between co-integration and error correction models, first suggested in Granger (1981), is here extended and used to develop estimation procedures, tests, and empirical examples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distribution of the Estimators for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root
David A. Dickey,Wayne A. Fuller +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the limit distributions of the estimator of p and of the regression t test are derived under the assumption that p = ± 1, where p is a fixed constant and t is a sequence of independent normal random variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Testing for a Unit Root in Time Series Regression
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed new tests for detecting the presence of a unit root in quite general time series models, which accommodate models with a fitted drift and a time trend so that they may be used to discriminate between unit root nonstationarity and stationarity about a deterministic trend.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a new approach to the problem of testing the existence of a level relationship between a dependent variable and a set of regressors, when it is not known with certainty whether the underlying regressors are trend- or first-difference stationary.
Journal ArticleDOI
Maximum likelihood estimation and inference on cointegration — with applications to the demand for money
Søren Johansen,Katarina Juselius +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the estimation and testing of long-run relations in economic modeling are addressed, starting with a vector autoregressive (VAR) model, the hypothesis of cointegration is formulated as a hypothesis of reduced rank of the long run impact matrix.
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