Journal ArticleDOI
The personal sense of power.
TLDR
In studies involving a total of 1,141 participants and nine different samples, it is found that the personal sense of power was coherent within social contexts and was affected not only by sociostructural factors but also by personality variables such as dominance.Abstract:
Scholars who examine the psychological effects of power have often argued that possessing power shapes individual behavior because it instills an elevated sense of power. However, little is known about the personal sense of power because very few studies have examined it empirically. In studies involving a total of 1,141 participants and nine different samples, we found that the personal sense of power was coherent within social contexts; for example, individuals who believed that they can get their way in a group also believed that they can influence fellow group members' attitudes and opinions. The personal sense of power was also moderately consistent across relationships but showed considerable relationship specificity; for example, individuals' personal sense of power vis-a-vis their friend tended to be distinct but moderately related to their personal sense of power vis-a-vis their parent. And the personal sense of power was affected not only by sociostructural factors (e.g., social position, status) but also by personality variables such as dominance.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Psychology of Middle Power: Vertical Code-Switching, Role Conflict, and Behavioral Inhibition
Eric M. Anicich,Jacob B. Hirsh +1 more
TL;DR: This article proposed that middle-power positions and mindsets lead to frequent vertical code-switching, the act of alternating between behavioral patterns that are directed toward higher-power and lower-power interaction partners.
Journal ArticleDOI
Losing Face and Sinking Costs: Experimental Evidence on the Judgment of Political and Military Leaders
TL;DR: This paper found that the fear of losing status impedes decision making and increases the tendency to "throw good money after bad", but that power aids decision making by buffering high-power subjects against the worst effects of status loss.
Journal ArticleDOI
Power in everyday life.
Pamela K. Smith,Wilhelm Hofmann +1 more
TL;DR: The everyday experience of power was studied by surveying individuals multiple times over 3 d regarding their subjective feelings of power and positional power, which found higher power was associated with greater feelings of responsibility and weaker effects of low power than high power.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why and When Employees Like to Speak up More Under Humble Leaders? The Roles of Personal Sense of Power and Power Distance
TL;DR: This article developed a moderated mediation model in which personal sense of power (i.e., employees ability to influence other individuals such as their leader) was theorized as a unique mechanism underlining why employees feel motivated to speak up under the supervision of humble leaders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social comparison, personal relative deprivation, and materialism
TL;DR: Across five studies, consistent evidence is found that personal relative deprivation (PRD), which refers to resentment stemming from the belief that one is deprived of deserved outcomes compared to others, uniquely contributes to materialism.
References
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Book
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
TL;DR: The concepts of power analysis are discussed in this paper, where Chi-square Tests for Goodness of Fit and Contingency Tables, t-Test for Means, and Sign Test are used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it, and individuals may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.