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The SMOS Mission: New Tool for Monitoring Key Elements of the Global Water Cycle This satellite mission will use new algorithms to try to forecast weather and estimate climate change from satellite measurements of the Earth's surface.
Yann Kerr,Philippe Waldteufel,Jean-Pierre Wigneron,Steven Delwart,Francois Cabot,Jacqueline Boutin,Nicolas Reul,C. Gruhier,Mark R. Drinkwater,Achim Hahne,Manuel Martõ ´ n-Neira,Susanne Mecklenburg +11 more
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TLDR
The second Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission (EOMOS) as discussed by the authors carried a single payload, an L-Band 2-D interferometric radiometer operating in the 1400-1427MHz protected band (1).Abstract:
It is now well understood that data on soil moisture and sea surface salinity (SSS) are required to improve meteorological and climate predictions. These two quantities are not yet available globally or with adequate temporal or spatial sampling. It is recognized that a spaceborne L-band radiometer with a suitable antenna is the most promising way of fulfilling this gap. With these scientific objectives and technical solution at the heart of a proposed mission concept the European Space Agency (ESA) selected the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission as its second Earth Explorer Opportunity Mission. The development of the SMOS mission was led by ESA in collaboration with the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) in France and the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial (CDTI) in Spain. SMOS carries a single payload, an L-Band 2-D interferometric radiometer operating in the 1400-1427-MHz protected band (1). The instrument receives the radiation emitted from Earth's surface, which can then be related to the moisture content in the first few centimeters of soil over land, and to salinity in the surface waters of the oceans. SMOS will achieve an unprecedented maximum spatial resolution of 50 km at L-band over land (43 km on average over the field of view), providing multi- angular dual polarized (or fully polarized) brightness tem- peratures over the globe. SMOS has a revisit time of less than 3 days so as to retrieve soil moisture and ocean salinity data, meeting the mission's science objectives. The caveat in relation to its sampling requirements is that SMOS will have a somewhat reduced sensitivity when compared to conven- tional radiometers. The SMOS satellite was launched success- fully on November 2, 2009.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The SMOS Mission: New Tool for Monitoring Key Elements ofthe Global Water Cycle
Yann Kerr,Philippe Waldteufel,Jean-Pierre Wigneron,Steven Delwart,Francois Cabot,Jacqueline Boutin,Maria-José Escorihuela,Jordi Font,Nicolas Reul,C. Gruhier,S. Juglea,Mark R. Drinkwater,Achim Hahne,Manuel Martin-Neira,Susanne Mecklenburg +14 more
TL;DR: The SMOS satellite was launched successfully on November 2, 2009, and will achieve an unprecedented maximum spatial resolution of 50 km at L-band over land (43 km on average over the field of view), providing multiangular dual polarized (or fully polarized) brightness temperatures over the globe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Validation of SMAP surface soil moisture products with core validation sites
Andreas Colliander,Thomas J. Jackson,Rajat Bindlish,S. Chan,Narendra N. Das,Seung-Bum Kim,Michael H. Cosh,R. S. Dunbar,Lenny Dang,L. Pashaian,Jun Asanuma,Kentaro Aida,Aaron A. Berg,Tracy Rowlandson,David D. Bosch,Todd G. Caldwell,Kelly K. Caylor,David C. Goodrich,H. K. Al Jassar,Ernesto Lopez-Baeza,José Martínez-Fernández,A. Gonzalez-Zamora,Stan Livingston,H. McNairn,A. Pacheco,Mahta Moghaddam,Carsten Montzka,Claudia Notarnicola,Georg Niedrist,Thierry Pellarin,John H. Prueger,Jouni Pulliainen,Kimmo Rautiainen,J. Ramos,Mark S. Seyfried,Patrick J. Starks,Zhongbo Su,Yijian Zeng,R. van der Velde,M. Thibeault,Wouter Dorigo,Mariette Vreugdenhil,Jeffrey P. Walker,Xiaoling Wu,Alessandra Monerris,Peggy O'Neill,Dara Entekhabi,Eni G. Njoku,Simon Yueh +48 more
TL;DR: The NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission has utilized a set of core validation sites as the primary methodology in assessing the soil moisture retrieval algorithm performance as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fusion of active and passive microwave observations to create an Essential Climate Variable data record on soil moisture
Wolfgang Wagner,Wouter Dorigo,R.A.M. de Jeu,D. Fernandez,Jérôme Benveniste,E. M. Haas,M. Ertl +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a high-level possible approach for fusing the individual satellite data sets is presented, where the best possible approach is to merge Level 2 soil moisture data derived from different satellite data records.
Journal ArticleDOI
The global distribution and dynamics of surface soil moisture
Kaighin A. McColl,Kaighin A. McColl,Seyed Hamed Alemohammad,Ruzbeh Akbar,Alexandra G. Konings,Alexandra G. Konings,Simon Yueh,Dara Entekhabi +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce a metric of soil moisture memory and use a full year of global observations from NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive mission to show that surface soil moisture, a storage believed to make up less than 0.001% of the global freshwater budget by volume, and equivalent to an, on average, 8mm thin layer of water covering all land surfaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of remotely sensed and reanalysis soil moisture products over the Tibetan Plateau using in-situ observations
TL;DR: In this article, in-situ soil moisture measurements from three networks which represent different climatic and vegetation conditions over the Tibetan Plateau are used to evaluate the skill of seven remotely sensed soil moisture products and one reanalysis soil moisture product in the period of 2002-2012.
References
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TL;DR: A multimodel estimation of the regions on Earth where precipitation is affected by soil moisture anomalies during Northern Hemisphere summer indicates potential benefits of this estimation may include improved seasonal rainfall forecasts.
Journal ArticleDOI
The SMOS Mission: New Tool for Monitoring Key Elements ofthe Global Water Cycle
Yann Kerr,Philippe Waldteufel,Jean-Pierre Wigneron,Steven Delwart,Francois Cabot,Jacqueline Boutin,Maria-José Escorihuela,Jordi Font,Nicolas Reul,C. Gruhier,S. Juglea,Mark R. Drinkwater,Achim Hahne,Manuel Martin-Neira,Susanne Mecklenburg +14 more
TL;DR: The SMOS satellite was launched successfully on November 2, 2009, and will achieve an unprecedented maximum spatial resolution of 50 km at L-band over land (43 km on average over the field of view), providing multiangular dual polarized (or fully polarized) brightness temperatures over the globe.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil moisture retrieval from space: the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission
TL;DR: The goal of this paper is to present the main aspects of the baseline mission and describe how soil moisture will be retrieved from SMOS data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soil moisture retrieval from AMSR-E
TL;DR: The AMSR-E sensor calibration and extent of radio frequency interference are currently being assessed, to be followed by quantitative assessments of the soil moisture retrievals, which will provide evaluations of the retrieved soil moisture and enable improved hydrologic applications of the data.
Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this paper, conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiles from the recent Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean Circulation Study (WEPOCS) cruises were analyzed for various measures of the upper layer and mixed layer thickness, using criteria which depend on vertical gradients of temperature, salinity, and density.
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