Open AccessJournal Article
Thymus Size and Age-related Thymic Involution: Early Programming, Sexual Dimorphism, Progenitors and Stroma
TLDR
Previous and most recent evidence is emphasized suggesting that early programming of the thymus, sexual dimorphism, and the efficiency of specific T-cell progenitors and theThymic microenvironment are all crucial determinants of immune activity from early life through advanced ages.Citations
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The immune system in children with malnutrition--a systematic review.
Maren Johanne Heilskov Rytter,Lilian Kolte,André Briend,Henrik Friis,Vibeke Brix Christensen +4 more
TL;DR: The Immunological alterations associated with malnutrition in children may contribute to increased mortality, however, the underlying mechanisms are still inadequately understood, as well as why different types of malnutrition are associated with different immunological alterations.
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Thymic Epithelial Cells
Jakub Abramson,Graham Anderson +1 more
TL;DR: Both historical and the most recent advances in the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling TEC development, function, dysfunction, and regeneration are reviewed.
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Contributions of Age-Related Thymic Involution to Immunosenescence and Inflammaging
TL;DR: How T cell adaptive immunity mediates inflammaging and plays a crucial role in the progression of age-related neurological and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer is described.
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The Impact of Gut Microbiota on Gender-Specific Differences in Immunity.
Floris Fransen,Adriaan A. van Beek,Theo Borghuis,Ben Meijer,Floor Hugenholtz,Christa E. van der Gaast-de Jongh,Huub F. J. Savelkoul,Marien I. de Jonge,Marijke M. Faas,Mark V. Boekschoten,Hauke Smidt,Sahar El Aidy,Paul de Vos +12 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that microbiota-independent gender differences in immunity are already present in GF mice, and type I interferon signaling was enhanced in the intestine of GF females, suggesting that the selection of a gender-specific gut microbiota composition contributes to gender Differences in the immune system.
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Thymus and aging: morphological, radiological, and functional overview
TL;DR: It is reported that the thymic morphology and cell types are evolutionarily preserved in several vertebrate species, important in understanding the similar problems caused by senescence and other diseases.
References
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Rate of Pregnancy-Related Relapse in Multiple Sclerosis
Christian Confavreux,Michael Hutchinson,Martine Hours,Cortinovis-Tourniaire P,Thibault Moreau +4 more
TL;DR: This study studied 254 women with multiple sclerosis during 269 pregnancies in 12 European countries to determine the rate of relapse per trimester and the score on the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale.
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Sex differences in autoimmune disease
TL;DR: A new interest in understanding the biology of this difference as well as funding opportunities have focused attention on research priorities in sex differences.
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Age-related changes in lymphocyte development and function
TL;DR: This review aims to provide an overview of age-related changes in lymphocyte development and function and discusses current controversies in the field of aging research.
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The X-files in immunity: sex-based differences predispose immune responses.
TL;DR: It is crucial to address sex-based differences in disease pathogenesis and in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutic medications to provide optimal disease management for both sexes.
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The effects of hormones on sex differences in infection: from genes to behavior.
TL;DR: Consideration of the cumulative effects of sex steroid hormones on susceptibility to infection may serve to clarify current discrepancies in the literature and offer alternative hypotheses to the view thatsex steroid hormones only alter susceptibility to infections via changes in host immune function.