tRNA biology charges to the front
Eric M. Phizicky,Anita K. Hopper +1 more
TLDR
This review highlights new findings on the diverse pathways of tRNA maturation, and on the formation and function of a number of modifications, on the regulation of t RNA biosynthesis, quality control tRNA turnover mechanisms, widespread tRNA cleavage pathways activated in response to stress and other growth conditions.Abstract:
tRNA biology has come of age, revealing an unprecedented level of understanding and many unexpected discoveries along the way. This review highlights new findings on the diverse pathways of tRNA maturation, and on the formation and function of a number of modifications. Topics of special focus include the regulation of tRNA biosynthesis, quality control tRNA turnover mechanisms, widespread tRNA cleavage pathways activated in response to stress and other growth conditions, emerging evidence of signaling pathways involving tRNA and cleavage fragments, and the sophisticated intracellular tRNA trafficking that occurs during and after biosynthesis.read more
Citations
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A census of human RNA-binding proteins.
TL;DR: This work presents a census of 1,542 manually curated RBPs that are analysed for their interactions with different classes of RNA, their evolutionary conservation, their abundance and their tissue-specific expression, a critical step towards the comprehensive characterization of proteins involved in human RNA metabolism.
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The functional role of long non-coding RNA in human carcinomas
TL;DR: The emerging functional role of lncRNAs in human cancer is highlighted and molecular mechanisms by which these RNA species function are described, providing insight into the functional roles they may play in tumorigenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Boosting CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex editing capability with the endogenous tRNA-processing system
TL;DR: A general strategy to produce numerous gRNAs from a single polycistronic gene via the endogenous tRNA-processing system is developed and shown to significantly increase CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex editing capability and efficiency in plants and is expected to have broad applications for small RNA expression and genome engineering.
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RNA cytosine methylation by Dnmt2 and NSun2 promotes tRNA stability and protein synthesis.
Francesca Tuorto,Reinhard Liebers,Tanja Musch,Matthias Schaefer,Sarah Hofmann,Stefanie Kellner,Michaela Frye,Mark Helm,Georg Stoecklin,Frank Lyko +9 more
TL;DR: A biologically important function for cytosine-C5 tRNA methylation in mammals is established and it is suggested that this modification promotes mouse development by supporting protein synthesis.
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Biosynthesis and Function of Posttranscriptional Modifications of Transfer RNAs
TL;DR: A global survey of tRNA modification enzymes shows that the functional constraints that drive the presence of modifications are often conserved, but the solutions used to fulfill these constraints differ among different kingdoms, organisms, and species.
References
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Won-Ki Huh,James V. Falvo,Luke C. Gerke,Adam S. Carroll,Russell W. Howson,Jonathan S. Weissman,Erin K. O'Shea +6 more
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XBP1 mRNA Is Induced by ATF6 and Spliced by IRE1 in Response to ER Stress to Produce a Highly Active Transcription Factor
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Marcella Calfon,Huiqing Zeng,Fumihiko Urano,Jeffery H. Till,Stevan R. Hubbard,Heather P. Harding,Scott G. Clark,David Ron +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mutations in either ire-1 or the transcription-factor-encoding xbp-1 gene abolished the UPR in Caenorhabditis elegans, suggesting that physiological ER load regulates a developmental decision in higher eukaryotes.
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Proteome survey reveals modularity of the yeast cell machinery
Anne-Claude Gavin,Patrick Aloy,Paola Grandi,Roland Krause,Markus Boesche,Martina Marzioch,Christina Rau,Lars Juhl Jensen,Sonja Bastuck,Birgit Dümpelfeld,Angela Edelmann,Marie-Anne Heurtier,Verena Hoffman,Christian Hoefert,Karin Klein,Manuela Hudak,Anne-Marie Michon,Malgorzata Schelder,Markus Schirle,Marita Remor,Tatjana Rudi,Sean D. Hooper,Andreas Bauer,Tewis Bouwmeester,Georg Casari,Gerard Drewes,Gitte Neubauer,Jens Rick,Bernhard Kuster,Peer Bork,Robert B. Russell,Giulio Superti-Furga +31 more
TL;DR: This study reports the first genome-wide screen for complexes in an organism, budding yeast, using affinity purification and mass spectrometry and provides the largest collection of physically determined eukaryotic cellular machines so far and a platform for biological data integration and modelling.