Use of DNA barcodes to identify flowering plants
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TLDR
Comparison of the total plastid genomes of tobacco and deadly nightshade enhanced with trials on widely divergent angiosperm taxa suggest that the sequences in this pair of loci have the potential to discriminate among the largest number of plant species for barcoding purposes.Abstract:
Methods for identifying species by using short orthologous DNA sequences, known as “DNA barcodes,” have been proposed and initiated to facilitate biodiversity studies, identify juveniles, associate sexes, and enhance forensic analyses. The cytochrome c oxidase 1 sequence, which has been found to be widely applicable in animal barcoding, is not appropriate for most species of plants because of a much slower rate of cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene evolution in higher plants than in animals. We therefore propose the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region and the plastid trnH-psbA intergenic spacer as potentially usable DNA regions for applying barcoding to flowering plants. The internal transcribed spacer is the most commonly sequenced locus used in plant phylogenetic investigations at the species level and shows high levels of interspecific divergence. The trnH-psbA spacer, although short (≈450-bp), is the most variable plastid region in angiosperms and is easily amplified across a broad range of land plants. Comparison of the total plastid genomes of tobacco and deadly nightshade enhanced with trials on widely divergent angiosperm taxa, including closely related species in seven plant families and a group of species sampled from a local flora encompassing 50 plant families (for a total of 99 species, 80 genera, and 53 families), suggest that the sequences in this pair of loci have the potential to discriminate among the largest number of plant species for barcoding purposes.read more
Citations
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DNA barcode database of common herbal plants in the tropics: a resource for herbal product authentication
TL;DR: The multigene tiered approach for DNA barcoding is proven robust with high species-level resolution (96.4%) and the existing quality assurance and adulteration screening programs employed by regulatory agencies could be significantly strengthened.
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Characterisation of insect and plant origins using DNA extracted from small volumes of bee honey
TL;DR: A DNA-based tool was validated that potentially enables the characterisation of both plant and insect of origin of small samples of bee honey, and a general trend was observed of insect mtDNA dominating over plant organelle DNA, and with plant nuclear DNA at the lowest levels.
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Evaluation of 11 single-locus and seven multilocus DNA barcodes in Lamium L. (Lamiaceae)
TL;DR: Among the single‐locus barcodes, most effective in the identification of Lamium species was the trnH‐psbA spacer and matK gene, and the high level of variability and resolving power of ITS turned out to be inapplicable in Lamium identification.
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Molecular Authentication of the Ethnomedicinal Plant Sabia parviflora and Its Adulterants by DNA Barcoding Technique
TL;DR: DNA sequence analysis of three candidate DNA barcodes suggest that the three candidate barcodes can be used for the identification of S. parviflora and to distinguish it from common substitutes or adulterants.
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Novel nuclear markers inform the systematics and the evolution of serpentine use in Streptanthus and allies (Thelypodieae, Brassicaceae).
TL;DR: This work presents a well-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis for the Streptanthoid complex, based on three newly identified and highly variable single copy nuclear regions (AT4G34700, AT1G61620, and At1G56590), and includes data for two chloroplast regions (trnL and trnH-psbA).
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Ten species in one: DNA barcoding reveals cryptic species in the neotropical skipper butterfly Astraptes fulgerator
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Identification of Birds through DNA Barcodes
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