Journal ArticleDOI
Voltammetric Characterization of the Ferrocene|Ferrocenium and Cobaltocenium|Cobaltocene Redox Couples in RTILs
Emma I. Rogers,Debbie S. Silvester,Darren L. Poole,Leigh Aldous,Christopher Hardacre,Richard G. Compton +5 more
TLDR
In this paper, the electrochemical behavior of Ferrocene, Fc, and cobaltocenium hexafluorophosphate, CcPF6, has been reported for use as internal reference redox couples in room-temperature ionic liquids.Abstract:
Ferrocene, Fc, and cobaltocenium hexafluorophosphate, CcPF6, have been recommended for use as internal reference redox couples in room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), as well as in more conventional aprotic solvents. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of Fc and CcPF6 is reported in eight commonly used RTILs; [C2mim][NTf2], [C4mim][NTf2], [C4mim][BF4], [C4mim][PF6], [C4mim][OTf], [C4mim][NO3], [C4mpyrr][NTf2], and [P14,6,6,6][FAP], where [Cnmim]+ = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, [NTf2]- = bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [BF4]- = tetrafluoroborate, [PF6]- = hexafluorophosphate, [OTf]- = trifluoromethylsulfonate, [NO3]- = nitrate, [C4mpyrr]+ = N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium, [P14,6,6,6 ]+ = tris(n-hexyl)-tetradecylphosphonium and [FAP]- = trifluorotris(pentafluoroethyl)phosphate, over a range of concentrations and temperatures. Solubilities and diffusion coefficients, D, of both the charged and neutral species were determined using double potential-step chronoamperometry, and CcPF6 (36.5−450.0 mM...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of Water on the Electrochemical Window and Potential Limits of Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids
TL;DR: The effect of water content on room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) was studied by Karl Fischer titration and cyclic voltammetry in the following RTILs: tris(P-hexyl)tetradecylphosphonium trifluorotris(pentafluoroethyl)phosphate [P14,6,6 6,6],NTf2], N-butyl-N-methyl-pyrrolidinium bis(triffluoromethylsulfonyl)im
Journal ArticleDOI
Voltammetry in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids: Comparisons and Contrasts with Conventional Electrochemical Solvents
Laura E. Barrosse-Antle,Alan M. Bond,Richard G. Compton,Aoife M. O'Mahony,Emma I. Rogers,Debbie S. Silvester +5 more
TL;DR: The recent literature is surveyed to explore the nature of voltammetry in room temperature ionic liquids and the extent of similarities with conventional electrochemical solvents is reported and some surprising differences are noted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances in the use of ionic liquids for electrochemical sensing
TL;DR: This mini-review article describes the recent uses of ionic liquids in electrochemical sensing applications in the context of voltammetric sensing at solid/liquid, liquid/liquid interfaces and carbon paste electrodes, as well as their use in gas sensing, ion-selective electrodes, and for detecting biological molecules, explosives and chemical warfare agents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrochemistry of sulfur and polysulfides in ionic liquids.
Ninie Suhana Abdul Manan,Leigh Aldous,Yatimah Alias,Paul R. Murray,Lesley J. Yellowlees,M. Cristina Lagunas,Christopher Hardacre +6 more
TL;DR: Dissociation and/or disproportionation of the polyanions S(6)(2-) and S(4)(2-) appears to be slow in the ionic liquid, with only small amounts of the blue radical species S(3)(•-) formed in the solutions at r.t., in contrast with that observed in most molecular solvents.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Voltammetry
Christopher Batchelor-McAuley,Enno Kätelhön,Edward O. Barnes,Richard G. Compton,Eduardo Laborda,Angela Molina +5 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on the topic areas of multistep electrochemical processes, voltammetry in ionic liquids, the development and interpretation of theories of electron transfer, advances in voltammetric pulse techniques, stochastic random walk models of diffusion, the influence of migration under conditions of low support,voltammetry at rough and porous electrodes, and nanoparticle electrochemistry.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrophobic, Highly Conductive Ambient-Temperature Molten Salts
Pierre Bonhote,Ana-Paula Dias,Nicholas Papageorgiou,Kuppuswamy Kalyanasundaram,Michael Grätzel +4 more
TL;DR: New, hydrophobic ionic liquids with low melting points (<−30 °C to ambient temperature) have been synthesized and investigated, based on 1,3-dialkyl imidazolium cations and hydrophilic anions and thus water-soluble.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ionic liquids. Green solvents for the future
TL;DR: In this paper, it has been shown that Ionic liquids, being composed entirely of ions, are green solvents, and that a wide range of chemical reactions can be performed in them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular states of water in room temperature ionic liquids
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used ATR and transmission IR spectroscopy to investigate the state of water in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) based on the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation with the anions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-Haloaluminate Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids in Electrochemistry—A Review
TL;DR: An examination of the pertinent properties of ionic liquids is presented, followed by an assessment of their application to date across the various electrochemical disciplines, concluding with an outlook viewing current problems and directions.
Journal ArticleDOI
How Ionic Are Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids? An Indicator of the Physicochemical Properties
TL;DR: The Lambda(imp)/Lambda(NMR) well illustrates the degree of cation-anion aggregation in the RTILs at equilibrium, which can be explained by the effects of anionic donor and cationic acceptor abilities for the RTils having different anionic andcationic backbone structures with fixed counterparts, and by the inductive and dispersive forces for the various alkyl chain lengths in the cations.
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Non-Haloaluminate Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids in Electrochemistry—A Review
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Philippe Hapiot,Corinne Lagrost +1 more