Women and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa
TLDR
There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic, but substantial progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.Abstract:
Thirty years since the discovery of HIV, the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than two thirds of the world’s HIV infections. Southern Africa remains the region most severely affected by the epidemic. Women continue to bear the brunt of the epidemic with young women infected almost ten years earlier compared to their male counterparts. Epidemiological evidence suggests unacceptably high HIV prevalence and incidence rates among women. A multitude of factors increase women’s vulnerability to HIV acquisition, including, biological, behavioral, socioeconomic, cultural and structural risks. There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic. Considerable progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predictors of HIV Testing among Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study.
TL;DR: There was a significant association between HIV testing and respondents’ gender, age, age at sexual debut, and comprehensive knowledge of HIV in the pooled sample, suggesting that public health programs that seek to increase HIV counseling and testing among youth should pay particular attention to efforts that target high-risk subpopulations of youth.
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What explains gender inequalities in HIV/AIDS prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from the demographic and health surveys
TL;DR: The factors that explain gender inequality in HIV/AIDS in SSA vary by country, suggesting that country-specific interventions are needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tenofovir-based oral preexposure prophylaxis prevents HIV infection among women
TL;DR: Tenofovir-based daily oral PrEP prevents HIV acquisition in women and Pharmacokinetic studies provide supporting evidence that PrEP offers HIV protection in women who are adherent to the medication.
Journal ArticleDOI
The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities.
Olena Hankivsky,Lesley Doyal,Gillian Einstein,Ursula Kelly,Janet K. Shim,Lynn Weber,Robin Repta +6 more
TL;DR: It is argued that an intersectional approach can further research that integrates biological and social aspects of human lives and human health and ultimately generate better and more precise evidence for effective policies and practices aimed at tackling health inequities.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
From HIV prevention to HIV protection: addressing the vulnerability of girls and young women in urban areas
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that there is a need to revisit prevention method-ologies with regard to HIV/AIDS, especially in relation to urban areas, and argue for deliberate and systematic attention to be paid to these girls and young women to ensure that they are identified, included and allowed to participate in developing the protective environment and safe spaces in the community, in schools and in livelihoods which will enable them to protect themselves from HIV infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anal sex and HIV transmission in women.
S S Karim,G Ramjee +1 more
TL;DR: A microbicidal gel containing nonoxynol-9 is being studied for its efficacy in preventing HIV infection in women and a multiple regression model found that anal sex was consistently associated with a higher risk of HIV infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relationship between age of coital debut and HIV seroprevalence among women in Durban, South Africa: a cohort study.
Handan Wand,Gita Ramjee +1 more
TL;DR: The association of HIV status with younger age at sexual debut may likely due to an increased number of lifetime partners and this increase could result from longer duration of sexual life, which should include efforts to delay age at first sex in young women.
Journal ArticleDOI
Age at menarche, schooling, and sexual debut in northern Malawi.
Judith R. Glynn,Ndoliwe Kayuni,Sian Floyd,Emmanuel Banda,Monica Francis-Chizororo,Clare Tanton,Anna Molesworth,Joanne Hemmings,Amelia C. Crampin,Neil French +9 more
TL;DR: Women with early menarche start sex and marry early, leading to school drop-out and it is important to find ways to support those who reachMenarche early to access the same opportunities as other young women.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of injectable hormonal contraceptives on HIV seroconversion and on sexually transmitted infections.
Handan Wand,Gita Ramjee +1 more
TL;DR: Hormonal injectables are highly effective and well tolerated family planning methods and have played an important role in reducing unplanned pregnancies and maternal and infant mortality, however, they do not protect against HIV-1 and other sexually transmitted infections.
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