Women and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa
TLDR
There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic, but substantial progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.Abstract:
Thirty years since the discovery of HIV, the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than two thirds of the world’s HIV infections. Southern Africa remains the region most severely affected by the epidemic. Women continue to bear the brunt of the epidemic with young women infected almost ten years earlier compared to their male counterparts. Epidemiological evidence suggests unacceptably high HIV prevalence and incidence rates among women. A multitude of factors increase women’s vulnerability to HIV acquisition, including, biological, behavioral, socioeconomic, cultural and structural risks. There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic. Considerable progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Ghana: Subtype Distribution, Drug Resistance and Coreceptor Usage
Anna Appah,C. J. Van Beelen,Don Kirkby,Winnie Dong,Aniqa Shahid,Brian T. Foley,M. Mensah,Vincent Ganu,Peter Puplampu,Linda E. Amoah,Nicholas Israel Nii-Trebi,Chanson J. Brumme,Zabrina L. Brumme +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors characterized HIV-1 subtype diversity (from both sub-genomic and full-genome viral sequences), drug resistance and coreceptor usage in 103 predominantly (90%) antiretroviral-naive individuals living with HIV in Ghana.
Journal ArticleDOI
Addressing the migrant gap: maternal healthcare perspectives on utilising prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services during the COVID-19 pandemic, South Africa
TL;DR: COVID-19 amplified existing challenges for cross-border migrant women to utilise PMTCT services and should be addressed with differentiated service delivery including multi-month dispensing of ARVs, virtual educational care, and language-sensitive information, responsive to the needs of mobile women to alleviate the burden on the healthcare system.
Dissertation
Establishing the knowledge, perceptions and views of new entry level recruits in a South African military training setting on HIV/AIDS to promote HIV/AIDS awareness amongst young soldiers
TL;DR: The findings of the study presented high levels of knowledge on HIV/AIDS, but misconceptions on the transmission of HIV are still a huge concern due to the fact that a small percentage of the respondents are under the impression that HIV/ AIDS is curable.
References
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TL;DR: In this article, Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy
TL;DR: The exciting evidence generated by this paper – that antiretroviral treatment of HIV-1 infection definitively reduces the risk of onward transmission of the virus by 96% – was rightly dubbed Science magazine's ‘Breakthrough of the Year’ in 2011.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women.
Jared M. Baeten,Deborah Donnell,Deborah Donnell,Patrick Ndase,Nelly Mugo,Nelly Mugo,James D. Campbell,Jonathan Wangisi,Jordan W. Tappero,Elizabeth A. Bukusi,Craig R. Cohen,Elly Katabira,Allan R. Ronald,Allan R. Ronald,Elioda Tumwesigye,Edwin Were,Kenneth H. Fife,James Kiarie,James Kiarie,Carey Farquhar,Grace John-Stewart,Aloysious Kakia,Josephine Odoyo,Akasiima Mucunguzi,Edith Nakku-Joloba,Rogers Twesigye,Kenneth Ngure,Cosmas Apaka,Harrison Tamooh,Fridah Gabona,Andrew Mujugira,Dana Panteleeff,Katherine K. Thomas,Lara Kidoguchi,Meighan Krows,Jennifer Revall,Susan Morrison,Harald S. Haugen,Mira Emmanuel-Ogier,Lisa Ondrejcek,Robert W. Coombs,Lisa M. Frenkel,Lisa M. Frenkel,Craig W. Hendrix,Namandjé N. Bumpus,David R. Bangsberg,Jessica E. Haberer,Wendy S. Stevens,Jairam R. Lingappa,Connie Celum +49 more
TL;DR: Oral TDF and TDF-FTC both protect against HIV-1 infection in heterosexual men and women, and both study medications significantly reduced the HIV- 1 incidence among both men andWomen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Gel, an Antiretroviral Microbicide, for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women
Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Janet A. Frohlich,Anneke Grobler,Cheryl Baxter,Leila E. Mansoor,Ayesha B. M. Kharsany,Sengeziwe Sibeko,Koleka Mlisana,Zaheen Omar,Tanuja N. Gengiah,Silvia Maarschalk,Natasha Arulappan,Mukelisiwe Mlotshwa,Lynn Morris,Douglas Taylor +17 more
TL;DR: Tenofovir in a vaginal gel formulation shows significant protection against HIV infection in a randomized control trial, and could potentially fill an important HIV prevention gap, especially for women unable to successfully negotiate mutual monogamy or condom use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV Infection among African Women
Lut Van Damme,Amy Corneli,Khatija Ahmed,Johan Lombaard,Saidi Kapiga,Mookho Malahleha,Rachel Manongi,Jacob Onyango,Lucky Temu,Modie Constance Monedi,Mankalimeng Makanda,Lisa Saylor,Haddie Kiernan,Stella Kirkendale,Christina Wong,Robert M. Grant,Angela D. M. Kashuba,Kavita Nanda,Justin Mandala,Katrien Fransen,Jennifer Deese,Tania Crucitti,Timothy D Mastro,Douglas Taylor +23 more
TL;DR: Prophylaxis with TDF-FTC did not significantly reduce the rate of HIV infection and was associated with increased rates of side effects, as compared with placebo, and drug adherence appeared to be low.
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Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women.
Jared M. Baeten,Deborah Donnell,Deborah Donnell,Patrick Ndase,Nelly Mugo,Nelly Mugo,James D. Campbell,Jonathan Wangisi,Jordan W. Tappero,Elizabeth A. Bukusi,Craig R. Cohen,Elly Katabira,Allan R. Ronald,Allan R. Ronald,Elioda Tumwesigye,Edwin Were,Kenneth H. Fife,James Kiarie,James Kiarie,Carey Farquhar,Grace John-Stewart,Aloysious Kakia,Josephine Odoyo,Akasiima Mucunguzi,Edith Nakku-Joloba,Rogers Twesigye,Kenneth Ngure,Cosmas Apaka,Harrison Tamooh,Fridah Gabona,Andrew Mujugira,Dana Panteleeff,Katherine K. Thomas,Lara Kidoguchi,Meighan Krows,Jennifer Revall,Susan Morrison,Harald S. Haugen,Mira Emmanuel-Ogier,Lisa Ondrejcek,Robert W. Coombs,Lisa M. Frenkel,Lisa M. Frenkel,Craig W. Hendrix,Namandjé N. Bumpus,David R. Bangsberg,Jessica E. Haberer,Wendy S. Stevens,Jairam R. Lingappa,Connie Celum +49 more
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Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis for heterosexual HIV transmission in Botswana.
Michael C. Thigpen,Poloko Kebaabetswe,Lynn A. Paxton,Dawn K. Smith,Charles E. Rose,Tebogo M. Segolodi,Faith L. Henderson,Sonal R Pathak,Fatma A. Soud,Kata Chillag,Rodreck Mutanhaurwa,Lovemore Ian Chirwa,Michael Kasonde,Daniel Abebe,Evans Buliva,Roman Gvetadze,Sandra H. Johnson,Thom Sukalac,Vasavi Thomas,Clyde E. Hart,Jeffrey A. Johnson,C. Kevin Malotte,Craig W. Hendrix,John T. Brooks +23 more