Women and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa
TLDR
There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic, but substantial progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.Abstract:
Thirty years since the discovery of HIV, the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than two thirds of the world’s HIV infections. Southern Africa remains the region most severely affected by the epidemic. Women continue to bear the brunt of the epidemic with young women infected almost ten years earlier compared to their male counterparts. Epidemiological evidence suggests unacceptably high HIV prevalence and incidence rates among women. A multitude of factors increase women’s vulnerability to HIV acquisition, including, biological, behavioral, socioeconomic, cultural and structural risks. There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic. Considerable progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Predictors of HIV Testing among Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study.
TL;DR: There was a significant association between HIV testing and respondents’ gender, age, age at sexual debut, and comprehensive knowledge of HIV in the pooled sample, suggesting that public health programs that seek to increase HIV counseling and testing among youth should pay particular attention to efforts that target high-risk subpopulations of youth.
Journal ArticleDOI
What explains gender inequalities in HIV/AIDS prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from the demographic and health surveys
TL;DR: The factors that explain gender inequality in HIV/AIDS in SSA vary by country, suggesting that country-specific interventions are needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tenofovir-based oral preexposure prophylaxis prevents HIV infection among women
TL;DR: Tenofovir-based daily oral PrEP prevents HIV acquisition in women and Pharmacokinetic studies provide supporting evidence that PrEP offers HIV protection in women who are adherent to the medication.
Journal ArticleDOI
The odd couple: using biomedical and intersectional approaches to address health inequities.
Olena Hankivsky,Lesley Doyal,Gillian Einstein,Ursula Kelly,Janet K. Shim,Lynn Weber,Robin Repta +6 more
TL;DR: It is argued that an intersectional approach can further research that integrates biological and social aspects of human lives and human health and ultimately generate better and more precise evidence for effective policies and practices aimed at tackling health inequities.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
TL;DR: In my comments on quality of life, I would like particularly to stress the needs generated by AIDS in developing countries, which are a fatal and often unmentionable disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficacy of Carraguard for prevention of HIV infection in women in South Africa: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Stephanie Skoler-Karpoff,Gita Ramjee,Khatija Ahmed,Lydia Altini,Marlena Gehret Plagianos,Barbara Friedland,Sumen Govender,Alana de Kock,Nazira Cassim,Thesla Palanee,Gregory Dozier,Robin A. Maguire,Pekka Lähteenmäki,Pekka Lähteenmäki +13 more
TL;DR: This study did not show Carraguard's efficacy in prevention of vaginal transmission of HIV, and no safety concerns were recorded.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural Barriers and Facilitators in HIV Prevention: A Review of International Research
TL;DR: This article provides an overview of a growing body of international research focusing on the structural and environmental factors that shape the spread of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and create barriers and facilitators in relation to HIV-prevention programs.
Journal ArticleDOI
How does economic empowerment affect women's risk of intimate partner violence in low and middle income countries? A systematic review of published evidence
Seema Vyas,Charlotte Watts +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify whether individual and household economic empowerment is associated with lower intimate partner violence in low and middle income country settings, and find evidence about women's involvement in income generation and experience of past year violence, with five finding a protective association and six documenting a risk association.
Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of migration on HIV-1 transmission in South Africa: a study of migrant and nonmigrant men and their partners.
Mark N. Lurie,Brian G. Williams,Khangelani Zuma,David Mkaya-Mwamburi,Geoff P. Garnett,Adriaan Willem Sturm,Adriaan Willem Sturm,Michael D. Sweat,Joel Gittelsohn,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim +10 more
TL;DR: High rates of HIV were found among rural women, and the migration status of the regular partner was not a major risk factor for HIV.
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