Women and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa
TLDR
There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic, but substantial progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.Abstract:
Thirty years since the discovery of HIV, the HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa accounts for more than two thirds of the world’s HIV infections. Southern Africa remains the region most severely affected by the epidemic. Women continue to bear the brunt of the epidemic with young women infected almost ten years earlier compared to their male counterparts. Epidemiological evidence suggests unacceptably high HIV prevalence and incidence rates among women. A multitude of factors increase women’s vulnerability to HIV acquisition, including, biological, behavioral, socioeconomic, cultural and structural risks. There is no magic bullet and behavior alone is unlikely to change the course of the epidemic. Considerable progress has been made in biomedical, behavioral and structural strategies for HIV prevention with attendant challenges of developing appropriate HIV prevention packages which take into consideration the socioeconomic and cultural context of women in society at large.read more
Citations
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Social, Behavioral, and Cultural factors of HIV in Malawi: Semi-Automated Systematic Review
TL;DR: A Python tool is developed to automatically extract, process, and categorize open-access articles published from January 1, 1987 to October 1, 2019 in the PubMed, PubMed Central, JSTOR, Paperity, and arXiV databases and identified known factors and factors that may be specific to Malawi.
References
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Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy
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TL;DR: In this article, Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples.
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Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy
TL;DR: The exciting evidence generated by this paper – that antiretroviral treatment of HIV-1 infection definitively reduces the risk of onward transmission of the virus by 96% – was rightly dubbed Science magazine's ‘Breakthrough of the Year’ in 2011.
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Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women.
Jared M. Baeten,Deborah Donnell,Deborah Donnell,Patrick Ndase,Nelly Mugo,Nelly Mugo,James D. Campbell,Jonathan Wangisi,Jordan W. Tappero,Elizabeth A. Bukusi,Craig R. Cohen,Elly Katabira,Allan R. Ronald,Allan R. Ronald,Elioda Tumwesigye,Edwin Were,Kenneth H. Fife,James Kiarie,James Kiarie,Carey Farquhar,Grace John-Stewart,Aloysious Kakia,Josephine Odoyo,Akasiima Mucunguzi,Edith Nakku-Joloba,Rogers Twesigye,Kenneth Ngure,Cosmas Apaka,Harrison Tamooh,Fridah Gabona,Andrew Mujugira,Dana Panteleeff,Katherine K. Thomas,Lara Kidoguchi,Meighan Krows,Jennifer Revall,Susan Morrison,Harald S. Haugen,Mira Emmanuel-Ogier,Lisa Ondrejcek,Robert W. Coombs,Lisa M. Frenkel,Lisa M. Frenkel,Craig W. Hendrix,Namandjé N. Bumpus,David R. Bangsberg,Jessica E. Haberer,Wendy S. Stevens,Jairam R. Lingappa,Connie Celum +49 more
TL;DR: Oral TDF and TDF-FTC both protect against HIV-1 infection in heterosexual men and women, and both study medications significantly reduced the HIV- 1 incidence among both men andWomen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Gel, an Antiretroviral Microbicide, for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women
Quarraisha Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Salim S. Abdool Karim,Janet A. Frohlich,Anneke Grobler,Cheryl Baxter,Leila E. Mansoor,Ayesha B. M. Kharsany,Sengeziwe Sibeko,Koleka Mlisana,Zaheen Omar,Tanuja N. Gengiah,Silvia Maarschalk,Natasha Arulappan,Mukelisiwe Mlotshwa,Lynn Morris,Douglas Taylor +17 more
TL;DR: Tenofovir in a vaginal gel formulation shows significant protection against HIV infection in a randomized control trial, and could potentially fill an important HIV prevention gap, especially for women unable to successfully negotiate mutual monogamy or condom use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV Infection among African Women
Lut Van Damme,Amy Corneli,Khatija Ahmed,Johan Lombaard,Saidi Kapiga,Mookho Malahleha,Rachel Manongi,Jacob Onyango,Lucky Temu,Modie Constance Monedi,Mankalimeng Makanda,Lisa Saylor,Haddie Kiernan,Stella Kirkendale,Christina Wong,Robert M. Grant,Angela D. M. Kashuba,Kavita Nanda,Justin Mandala,Katrien Fransen,Jennifer Deese,Tania Crucitti,Timothy D Mastro,Douglas Taylor +23 more
TL;DR: Prophylaxis with TDF-FTC did not significantly reduce the rate of HIV infection and was associated with increased rates of side effects, as compared with placebo, and drug adherence appeared to be low.
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