Showing papers on "Surface plasmon resonance published in 1994"
TL;DR: The immobilization of one binding partner, the possible depletion of analyte close to the sensor surface, and the assumed interaction model are important in the interpretation of binding data.
284 citations
TL;DR: A competitive approach in which a lmw analyte and a high-molecular-weight analyte react at the same time with the immobilized receptor is described, which may be used as an alternative to other affinity techniques for the characterization of lmW ligands, for identification of inhibitors, and for drug screening.
217 citations
TL;DR: Van der Merwe et al. as discussed by the authors used surface plasmon resonance to obtain definitive affinity and kinetic data on the interactions of a soluble, recombinant form of human CD2 with soluble forms of CD58, CD48, and CD59.
Abstract: CD2 is a T lymphocyte cell-adhesion molecule (CAM) belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) which mediates transient adhesion of T cells to antigen-presenting cells and target cells. Reported ligands for human CD2 include the structurally-related IgSF CAMs CD58 (LFA-3) and CD48 as well as, more controversially, the unrelated cell-surface glycoprotein CD59. Using surface plasmon resonance technology, which avoids several pitfalls of conventional binding assays, we recently reported that rat CD2 binds rat CD48 with a very low affinity (Kd 60-90 microM) and dissociates rapidly (koff > or = 6 s-1) [van der Merwe, P. A., Brown, M. H., Davis, S. J., & Barclay, A. N. (1993) EMBO J. 12, 4945-4954]. In contrast, a study using conventional equilibrium binding methods reported a much higher affinity (Kd 0.4 microM) for human CD2 binding CD58 which suggested that the weak binding of rat CD2 to CD48 may not represent a typical CAM interaction. In the present study we have used surface plasmon resonance to obtain definitive affinity and kinetic data on the interactions of a soluble, recombinant form of human CD2 with soluble forms of CD58, CD48, and CD59. Binding of CD2 to CD58 was readily detected but we were unable to detect any direct interaction between CD2 and either CD59 or CD48 under conditions in which very low affinity interactions (Kd approximately 0.5 mM) would have been detected. In contrast to previous reports we found that human CD2 bound CD58 with a very low affinity (Kd 9-22 microM) and dissociated with an extremely fast dissociation rate constant (koff > or = 4 s-1). The association rate constant (kon) could not be measured directly but was calculated to be > or = 400,000 M-1s-1. Taken together, these results provide conclusive evidence that CAM interactions can have very low affinities and extremely fast dissociation rate constants.
210 citations
Patent•
26 Jul 1994
TL;DR: A surface plasmon resonance sensor using a substrate-mode metal film coated waveguide was proposed in this article. But the method of using the sensor was not described in this paper.
Abstract: A surface plasmon resonance sensor including: a substrate-mode metal film coated waveguide cartridge including: a planar waveguide including a plurality of reflector surfaces within the planar waveguide; and a metal film deposited directly on the planar waveguide, the metal film and the planar waveguide defining a plasmon resonance interface directly on the planar waveguide; a sample flow cell adjacent the substrate-mode metal film coated waveguide cartridge; a transverse magnetic polarized light source optically connected to the planar waveguide; a cylindrical diverging lens optically connected to the planar waveguide; and a detector array comprising a plurality of photodetectors optically connected to the cylindrical diverging lens. Methods of using the surface plasmon resonance sensor are also disclosed.
190 citations
Patent•
05 Jan 1994TL;DR: In this paper, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed to detect a sample in contact with the sensor by surface plasm resonance measurements, as well as methods and apparatus relating thereto.
Abstract: There is disclosed fiber optic sensor which detects a sample in contact with the sensor by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements, as well as methods and apparatus relating thereto. The fiber optic SPR sensor of this invention employs a limited range of incident angles and uses incident light having multiple wavelengths. In preferred embodiments, both an in-line transmission-based fiber optic SPR sensor and a terminated reflection-based fiber optic SPR sensor are disclosed. The fiber optic SPR sensor includes a surface plasmon supporting metal layer in contact with an exposed portion of the optical fiber core, and may optionally contain one or more additional layers deposited on the surface plasmon supporting metal layer. In further embodiments, methods are disclosed for detecting a sample by contacting the sample with the fiber optic SPR sensor of this invention, as well as sensing apparatus which contain the fiber optic SPR sensor in combination with a source of electromagnetic radiation of multiple wavelengths and a detection device.
185 citations
TL;DR: The real-time detection properties of the BIAcore technique suggest its potential in the generation of data relating to the kinetics of interaction of biomolecules.
172 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the electrostatic adsorption of poly-L-lysine molecules onto a vapor-deposited gold film modified with a carboxylic acid-terminated alkanethiol monolayer is monitored with the spectroscopic techniques of polarization-modulation Fourier transform infrared (PM-FTIR) spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance (SPR).
Abstract: The electrostatic adsorption of poly-L-lysine molecules onto a vapor-deposited gold film modified with a carboxylic acid-terminated alkanethiol monolayer is monitored with the spectroscopic techniques of polarization-modulation Fourier transform infrared (PM-FTIR) spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The PM-ITIR spectrum of a monolayer of poly-L-lysine (PL) adsorbed onto a self-assembled monolayer of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) indicates that the lysine residues and the MUA carboxylic acid moieties form ammonium-carboxylate ion pairs which electrostatically bind the polypeptide to the surface. The PL molecules can be desorbed from the surface by rinsing with a buffer solution at a pH that destroys the ion pairing (pH 12). Measurements of the shift in the SPR angle upon adsorption were used to determine the thicknesses of the adsorbed monolayers; the MUA and PL monolayers were found to be 17.0 and 10.5 A thick, respectively. These thickness results suggest that the poly-L-lysine monolayer adsorbs onto the packed MUA surface in an extended conformation with the PL backbone lying parallel to the surface. Subsequent exposure ofthe PL monolayer to a solution ofiron phthalocyanine tetracarboxylic acid (FePc) resulted in the adsorption of a third layer onto the surface. The ability of the adsorbed PL molecules to interact with FePc indicates the presence of free lysine residues available for interaction with molecules other than the MUA monolayer.
166 citations
TL;DR: RmHSP47 was found to bind to types I-V collagen with similar dissociation constants of the order of 10(-7) M.1 s-1, which may reflect a transient interaction between HSP47 and procollagen in vivo.
133 citations
TL;DR: Kinetic measurements of the interaction between an oligosaccharide and various lectins were performed using a biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), suggesting that this sugar chain possesses three binding sites for RCA120 and one for DSA.
Abstract: Kinetic measurements of the interaction between an oligosaccharide and various lectins were performed using a biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) A glycopeptide, prepared from asialofetuin and having a nearly homogeneous N-linked sugar chain, was immobilized on the surface of a sensor chip via the amino groups of its peptide moiety The interactions of this bound glycopeptide with six lectins [Sambucus sieboldiana lectin, Maackia amurensis lectin, Aleuria aurantia lectin, Ricinus communis agglutinin-120 (RCA120), Datura stramonium lectin (DSA) and Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinating lectin] were monitored in real-time with the change in the SPR response Of these lectins, only RCA120 and DSA showed an increase in the SPR response, indicating that these two lectins bound specifically to the immobilized glycopeptide The other lectins did not show any significant changes in the SPR response These results are in good agreement with the binding specificity previously demonstrated with affinity chromatography The association-rate constant (kass) and the dissociation-rate constant (kdiss) for the glycopeptide-RCA120 interaction were 34 × 105 M−1 s−1 and 21 × 10−3 s−1, respectively The kass and kdiss determined for DSA were 57 × 105 M−1 s−1 and 13 × 10−3 s−1, respectively Furthermore, the relative binding molar ratio to the glycopeptide was three times higher for RCA120 than for DSA, suggesting that this sugar chain possesses three binding sites for RCA120 and one for DSA These parameters are expected to provide useful information for defining the interaction between oligosaccharides and lectins
106 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a gas sensor using surface plasmon resonance is presented. Butts et al. use a metallic diffraction grating that is twisted azimuthally so its grooves are not perpendicular to the plane of incidence, and with suitable choice of input and output polarization, a resonance maximum is detected.
Abstract: A good basis has been established for the development of a prototype gas sensor using the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance. By exciting a surface plasmon on a metallic diffraction grating that is twisted azimuthally so its grooves are not perpendicular to the plane of incidence, and with suitable choice of input and output polarization, a resonance maximum is detected (as opposed to the usual resonance minimum). the operation of the sensor is based on the measurement of this resonance maximum on a background of weak signal and incorporates a sensing head made remote from both the source and detector by means of fibre optics. Its use is demonstrated by sensing remotely the condensation of ≈0.9 nm of isopropyl alcohol onto a silver-coated grating surface.
100 citations
TL;DR: Two systems with potential for biosensor applications are characterized by some of these methods: phospholipid bilayer membranes spread from vesicle solution and protein-antigens both adsorbed on planar solid support.
TL;DR: Surface plasmon resonance is emerging as the method of choice to study biomolecular interactions between macromolecules because it allows the observation of real-time kinetics for these processes.
TL;DR: This chapter focuses on the determination of rate and equilibrium binding constants for macromolecular interactions by surface plasmon resonance, an optical phenomenon that occurs as a result of the total internal reflection of light at a metal film-liquid interface.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the determination of rate and equilibrium binding constants for macromolecular interactions by surface plasmon resonance. The characterization of the kinetics and thermodynamics of macromolecular interactions is increasingly important for developing an understanding of the molecular basis of events such as cell adhesion and viral infection, and it may ultimately aid in the rational design of antagonists of such interactions. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detectors, such as the BIAcore instrument, Pharmacia, allow for the direct visualization of these macromolecular interactions in real time, and thus the data obtained contains information on the rate and equilibrium binding constants that describe the interaction being investigated. SPR is an optical phenomenon that occurs as a result of the total internal reflection (TIR) of light at a metal film-liquid interface. TIR is observed in situations where light travels through an optically dense medium such as glass and is reflected back through that medium at the interface with a less optically dense medium such as buffer, provided the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle required for the pair of optical media.
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the SPR technology described herein may be used to monitor conformational events in membrane-associated receptors such as rhodopsin.
Abstract: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy has been used to follow incorporation and light-induced conformational changes in bovine rhodopsin reconstituted into an egg phosphatidylcholine bilayer deposited on a thin silver film. The magnitude of the SPR spectral changes caused by light varies with pH in a manner paralleling that in flash photolysis experiments, which monitor formation of metarhodopsin 11. Irradiation produces an increase of approximately 4 A in the average thickness of the proteolipid layer, consistent with exposure of recognition sites for the G protein. The results demonstrate that the SPR technology described herein may be used to monitor conformational events in membrane- associated receptors such as rhodopsin. The visual photoreceptor pigment rhodopsin is found in the disk membranes of the rod outer segments (ROS) of the retina and functions as a signal transducer by converting light energy to an intracellular, G protein-mediated enzyme cascade (Fung et al., 1981; Stryer, 1987, 1991; Chabre & Deterre, 1989; McNaughton, 1990; Pugh & Lamb, 1990). Absorption of a photon of yellow light (A = 498 nm) by
TL;DR: In this article, the optical extinction by a dilute dispersion of metal nanoclusters in GaAs is calculated using the optical theorem and Maxwell-Garnet theory with complex dielectric functions for Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag, Au, Er, and As.
Abstract: Optical extinction by a dilute dispersion of metal nanoclusters in GaAs is calculated using the optical theorem and Maxwell–Garnet theory with complex dielectric functions for Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag, Au, Er, and As. The large dielectric function of the semiconductor host shifts the surface plasmon resonance frequencies from the ultraviolet to the near infrared. The noble metals have well‐defined resonances with significant absorption and Rayleigh scattering at photon energies compatible with diode lasers and semiconductor electro‐optic modulators. Interband transitions in metals such as As, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Er strongly damp the surface plasmon modes, quenching the resonant absorption by the particles, but providing significant absorption to wavelengths longer than 1.5 μm. Metal‐semiconductor composites may arise during growth or processing of materials, such as GaAs:Er for fiber‐optic applications, and GaAs:As in which metallic precipitates of As form in GaAs after low temperature growth of GaAs using molecula...
TL;DR: In this article, surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering has been observed on colloidal silver surface from benzene, the mixture of benzene and N,N-dimethylformamide, toluene, and chlorobenzene.
TL;DR: The structural properties of lipid films investigated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy confirmed the value of the SPR technique for investigating the properties of thin biomolecular dielectric films deposited on a metal surface and indicated similarities in structural properties between the present lipid bilayers and freely suspended and Langmuir-Blodgett bilayer membranes.
TL;DR: Kinetic rate constants for activated cryIA(b) toxin binding to brush border vesicles were determined, revealing the presence of a high-affinity receptor on the surface of the immobilized brush border membrane vesicle, which demonstrated specific binding of trypsin-activated CryIA(c) toxin to the cell-surface receptors on the vESicles.
TL;DR: By means of a Green-function, volume-integral-equation approach, the scattering of a surface plasmon polariton at a planar vacuum-metal interface by dielectric and metallic defects that are either embedded in the metal substrate or are situated in the vacuum region on the substrate is studied.
Abstract: By means of a Green-function, volume-integral-equation approach we study numerically the scattering of a surface plasmon polariton at a planar vacuum-metal interface by dielectric and metallic defects that are either embedded in the metal substrate or are situated in the vacuum region on the substrate. We calculate the transmission and reflection coefficients for the surface plasmon polariton, as well as the efficiency of its conversion into volume electromagnetic waves in the vacuum propagating away from the surface. We also compute the near field in the vicinity of the surface defect.
Patent•
13 May 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, a surface plasmon high efficiency HDTV projector employs voltage-induced color-selective absorption with surface plasmons at metal/liquid crystal interface, which is very high optical efficiency.
Abstract: A surface plasmon high efficiency HDTV projector employs voltage-induced color-selective absorption with surface plasmons at metal/liquid crystal interface. When a collimated p-polarized white light (9) is incident at metal (2) and liquid crystal (6) interface, surface plasmon resonance can be excited, certain frequencies of photons will be absorbed without reflection, and the reflected light shows the complementary color. This resonance frequency depends on the dielectric constant of both the metal film and the liquid crystal. If a voltage (8) is applied on the liquid crystal (6) to change its dielectric constant, then the absorption spectrum can be controlled by this voltage. When the p-polarized white light is reflected three times at three interfaces which are set a surface plasmon resonance at blue, green and red respectively, any color can be generated by switching these resonances. Because this device only takes the unwanted colors out of the spectrum, the wanted color almost all pass through, the optical efficiency of this device is very high.
TL;DR: The use of the biosensor to monitor the purification of soluble epidermal growth factor receptor from A431 cell conditioned media is demonstrated and the detection sensitivity obtainable with this technology is complementary "in a bidirectional manner" to micropreparative HPLC.
TL;DR: The SPR biosensor provides a unified methodology to measure the interaction properties of shIL5Rα and hIL5 derivatives, mutants and mimetic as well as to evaluate potential antagonists of the receptor‐cytokine interaction.
Abstract: A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor was used to study the interaction of human interleukin-5 (hIL5) with its receptor. IL5 is a major growth factor in the production and activation of eosinophilis. The receptor for IL5 is composed of two subunits, α and β. The α subunit provides the specificity for IL5 and consist of an extracellular soluble domain, a single transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail. We expressed the soluble domain of the human IL5 receptor α subunit (shIL5Rα) and human IL5 (hIL5) in Drosophila. Both hIL5 and shIL5Rα were immobilized separately through amine groups onto the carboxylated dextran layer of sensor chips of the BIAcore™ (Pharmacia) SPR biosensor after N-hydroxysuccinimide/carbodiimide activation of the chip surface. Interactions were measured for the complementary macromolecule, either shIL5Rα or hIL5, in solution. Kinetics of binding of soluble analyst to immobilized ligand were measured and from this the association rate constant, dissociation rate constant and equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) were derived. With immobilized shIL5Rα and soluble hIL5, the measured Kd was 2 nM. A similar value was obtained by titration calorimetry. The Kd for Drosophila expressed receptor and IL5 is higher than the values reported for proteins expressed in different systems, likely due to differences in the methods of interaction analysis used for differences in protein glycosylation. Receptor-IL5 binding was relatively pH independent between pH 6.5 and 9.5. Outside this range the dissociation rate increased with compressibility little increased in association rate. The values obtained for the interaction of hIL5 and shIL5Rα were found to depend on which component was immobilized; the Kd was 5.5 nM with immobilized hIL5 and soluble shIL5Rα. The SPR biosensor provides a unified methodology to measure the interaction properties of shIL5Rα and hIL5 derivatives, mutants and mimetic as well as to evaluate potential antagonists of the receptor-cytokine interaction.
Patent•
06 Jul 1994
TL;DR: An improved surface plasmon resonance detector, having the provision of a receptacle for collection and subsequent analysis of eluted ligate solutions following interaction of the ligate with an immobilized ligand, was presented in this article.
Abstract: An improved surface plasmon resonance detector, having the provision of a receptacle (74) for collection and subsequent analysis of eluted ligate solutions following interaction of the ligate with an immobilized ligand, the detector capable of recovering a desired eluted ligate, permitting the isolation and characterization of novel ligates and ligands.
TL;DR: The optical excitation of surface plasmon resonance at a metal dielectric interface has been used to study the binding of immunoglobulin G to gold and anti-IgG to immobilised IgG layers, finding the amount of protein bound to the surface was found to be less for the monoclonal mouse IgG compared to the polyclonal sheep IgG.
TL;DR: In this article, an intrinsic fiber-optic sensor is described which utilizes the surface plasmon effect to monitor the chemical environment surrounding the fiber, which is constructed by polishing a short section of the lateral surface of a single-mode fiber to within the evanescent field surrounding the core.
Abstract: An intrinsic fiber-optic sensor is described which utilizes the surface plasmon effect to monitor the chemical environment surrounding the fiber. The device is constructed by polishing a short section of the lateral surface of a single-mode fiber to within the evanescent field surrounding the core. Then one or more tin films are deposited onto the polished surface, beginning with a thin metallic film which acts as the support for the plasmon. A highly refractive dielectric overlay is deposited on the metal film to allow the monitoring of a wide range of chemical sample indices of refraction. The final layer applied to the device is the chemical sample of interest
TL;DR: Glycoanalysis by SPR uses approximately 100- to 1000-fold less protein than comparable analyses using alternative techniques such as gel permeation chromatography of released oligosaccharides, labeled lectin binding, or mass spectrometry.
01 Jun 1994-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms
TL;DR: The absolute value of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of Sn + ion-implanted silica glass was found to be ∼ 10 −6 esu as mentioned in this paper, which is as large as those reported for semiconductor-doped glasses.
Abstract: The absolute value of the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility, ¦χ (3) ¦, of Sn + ion-implanted silica glass was found to be ∼ 10 −6 esu. This value is as large as those reported for semiconductor-doped glasses. Silica glass substrates were implanted with Sn + ions at an acceleration energy of 400 keV to a dose of 2 × 10 17 ions/cm 2 at room temperature. Metallic Sn microcrystallites of 4–20 nm in diameter were found to be embedded in the silica glass matrix. The average volume fraction of the Sn microcrystallites was evaluated to be 28%. ¦χ (3) ¦and the imaginary part of the dielectric function, Im ϵ, had peaks at the same wavelength of 500 nm owing to surface plasmon resonance. The peak width of ¦χ (3) ¦was nearly half of that of Im ϵ, which can be explained by an effective medium theory.
TL;DR: Comparing the data to those obtained by Ca(2+)-mediated vesicle fusion, confirmed this interpretation that the whole self-assembly process is monitored conveniently by Near Infrared Surface Plasmon Resonance (NIR-SPR).
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A new biosensor technology based on surface plasmon resonance (BIAcore, Pharmacia) is described which allows the surface and conformational integrity of a recombinant product to be monitored by measuring the binding characteristics of a panel of monoclonal antibodies.
Abstract: A new biosensor technology based on surface plasmon resonance (BIAcore, Pharmacia) is described which allows the surface and conformational integrity of a recombinant product to be monitored by measuring the binding characteristics of a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Interactions between the antibodies and the recombinant product are measured in real time in a quantitative and highly reproducible manner. This allows the association and dissociation kinetic rate constants of the antibodies to be calculated and not only the equilibrium binding constant. Besides using antibodies as conformational probes, the biosensor can also be used to measure directly the binding of a recombinant product to its natural biological ligand. Quantitative binding assays using biosensors are a powerful method for assessing the lot-to-lot consistency of recombinant products.