Showing papers by "Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni published in 2019"
TL;DR: In this paper, the suspension of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles was dip and/or spray coated on the body of a motorcycle, building wall, mini boat, solar cell panel, window glass, cotton shirt, fabric shoes, paper (currency notes), metal, wood, sponges, plastic and marble.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an overview on synthesis routes, mechanical behavior and applications of aluminium matrix composites is presented, where a special focus is given to primary processing techniques for manufacturing of aluminium matrices.
Abstract: At present aluminium matrix composites are widely used in engineering applications. Aluminium matrix composites are providing such superior properties which cannot be achieved by any existing monolithic material. Properties of aluminium matrix composite are highly influenced by nature of reinforcement which can be either in continuous or discontinuous fibre form. It also depends on the selection of processing techniques for the fabrication of aluminium matrix composites which depends on many factors including type of matrix and reinforcement, the degree of microstructural integrity desired and their structural, mechanical, electrochemical and thermal properties. Present paper reports an overview on synthesis routes, mechanical behavior and applications of aluminium matrix composites. Special focus is given to primary processing techniques for manufacturing of aluminium matrix composites. In the end, commercialization challenges, industrial aspects and future research directions are also briefed.
291 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of diesel/biodiesel blends on engine combustion, performance, and exhaust gas emissions have been carried out experimentally at different engine loads and constant speed of 1400 rpm.
161 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the recent progress in passive anti-icing coating materials and methodologies and describe the role of SLIPS in anti-ice coating and their use.
160 citations
TL;DR: In this article, zinc sulphide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) were used as nanofiller to fabricate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based nanocomposite films via solution casting method.
Abstract: In this study, zinc sulphide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) have been synthesized by green synthesis approach. These ZnS NPs were used as nanofiller to fabricate polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based nanocomposite films via solution casting method. The PVA/ZnS nanocomposite films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results from these characterization techniques evidenced the improvement in structural, morphological and thermal properties of PVA/ZnS nanocomposite films and also confirmed the incorporation of ZnS NPs in the PVA matrix. In addition to that, the dielectric properties of the PVA/ZnS nanocomposite films were investigated for different frequencies (50 Hz–1 MHz) and temperatures (40–140 °C) using an impedance analyzer. The values of dielectric constant and dielectric loss of PVA/ZnS nanocomposite films were observed to be 328.93 (50 Hz, 140 °C) and 6.02 (50 Hz, 140 °C) with 3 wt% ZnS NPs content. This enhancement in dielectric properties demonstrated the good interaction between ZnS NPs and PVA matrix. The aforementioned results evidenced that the ZnS NPs were homogeneously distributed within the PVA matrix.
92 citations
29 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, a crater-like super-hydrophobic leaf mesh for oil-water separation is presented, which can be used efficiently for the oil mixture separation for any oil with absolute viscosity of less than 55 cP.
Abstract: Here, we report a novel and simple approach to fabricate crater-like superhydrophobic leaf mesh for oil–water separation. Nanocomposite of SiO2 and polystyrene (SiO2–PS) deposited on a naturally dried Tectona grandis leaf mesh showed excellent superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties. The obtained multifunctional leaf mesh exhibited fast separation of various oils like petrol, kerosene, diesel, coconut oil from oil–water mixtures with separation efficiency greater than 95%, which lasts for more than 18 separation cycles. The prepared material can be used efficiently for the oil–water mixture separation for any oil with absolute viscosity of less than 55 cP.
91 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of Si and SiC addition on the microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion properties of Al matrix-based composites was investigated, and the results showed that Si-C addition can significantly improve the performance of Al-Si alloy.
Abstract: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of Si and SiC addition on the microstructure, mechanical, and corrosion properties of Al matrix-based composites. Al–Si (2 wt% fixed) alloy...
86 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of SiC-graphite reinforcement on the properties of pure copper was investigated, and the results showed that SiC graphite reinforcement has a significant effect on pure copper properties.
Abstract: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of SiC-graphite reinforcement on the properties of pure copper. Copper matrix composites with SiC-graphite reinforcement (0, 2.5,5, 7.5 and...
69 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of MgO and TiO2 nanofluids at different concentrations was investigated annually to evaluate the distillate output of stepped solar stills.
Abstract: The use of MgO and TiO2 nanofluids at different concentrations was investigated annually to evaluate the distillate output of stepped solar stills. Nanofluids concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 0.2% in the present research work. Results confirm that the stepped solar still distillate output is increased by 45.8%, 33.33%, 20.4% and 4.1% with use of MgO nanofluids (0.2% and 0.1% concentrations) and TiO2 nanofluids (0.2% and 0.1% concentrations). The reason for higher distillate output of MgO nanofluid over TiO2 in stepped solar still is lower specific heat capacity and higher thermal conductivity. Finally, the energy payback time was also calculated, and it was still only 3 months for stepped solar stills with the use of 0.2% nanofluid concentration.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the use of water-diesel emulsion at varying concentrations in a partially premixed charge compression ignition (PPCCI) engine has been investigated and it has been found that the water concentration enhancement leads to improvement in brake specific fuel consumption and an increase in the brake thermal efficiency.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental-cum-statistical analysis was performed with the aim of determining the optimal engine operating conditions (with respect to compression ratio, load and fuel blend) to enhance the engine operating characteristics (performance and emission) of a diesel engine.
TL;DR: In this article, a review highlights recent research progress in the emerging group of biomaterials and their integration for flexible solar cell devices, focusing on the absolute recyclable solar cell technology, processing conditions and optimized processing conditions to produce a high amount of energy.
Abstract: Solar energy is conceivably the largest source of renewable energy at our disposal, but vital advances are expected to make solar cells economically viable. Biodegradable and flexible solar cells are currently under extensive investigation for environmentally-friendly electronic applications. Biomaterials based solar cell is emerging due to their sustainable, scalable, abundant, renewable, and environmentally-friendly energy production. This review highlights recent research progress in the emerging group of biomaterials and their integration for flexible solar cell devices. The more emphasis is given to the absolute recyclable solar cell technology, processing conditions and optimized processing conditions to produce a high amount of energy. This review briefly describes the recent progress in these classes of material, covering substrates and semiconductors. A prominent demand still exists for a next-generation of flexible, biodegradable and biocompatible solar cell substrate for ultimate energy generation application.
TL;DR: In this article, a charged mixture was introduced into a mixing chamber near the intake manifold of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine working at varying load conditions.
TL;DR: In this paper, a review paper exhibits the researchers work on the tubular solar still to enhance the distillate output, which covers the working principle and several metrological parameters like the temperature of the water, solar intensity, glass cover temperature etc.
TL;DR: The preparation methodology and properties of electroconductive, electrospun mats composed of copolyamide 6,10 and Ti3C2Tx, and materials with relatively higher electrical conductivity displayed noticeably higher sensitivity to applied pressure are described.
Abstract: The preparation methodology and properties of electroconductive, electrospun mats composed of copolyamide 6,10 and Ti3C2Tx are described in this paper. Mats of several compositions were prepared from a solution of n-propanol. The obtained electrospun mats were then tested as piezoresistive sensors. The relative resistance (AR) of the sensor increased with an increase in the Ti3C2Tx content, and materials with relatively higher electrical conductivity displayed noticeably higher sensitivity to applied pressure. The pressure-induced changes in resistivity increased with an increment in the applied force.
17 Jan 2019
TL;DR: This review focuses on the existing membrane technology involved in water purification and portrays molecular-level rationally designed approaches for engineering biopolymer based selective membranes.
Abstract: The ever-growing population, environmental pollution and ecological degradation cause suffering to human race due to chemicals and other water contaminants such as chemicals, heavy metals, pesticid...
13 Aug 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the rapidly expanding field of porous materials for the sensor, actuator, energy storage and energy generation application and the synthesis methods to produce excellent porous materials.
Abstract: This review is focused on the rapidly expanding field of porous materials for the sensor, actuator, energy storage and energy generation application. The synthesis methods to produce excellent poro...
Center for Advanced Materials1, Amity University2, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research3, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University4, Siksha O Anusandhan University5, Central University, India6, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur7, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur8
TL;DR: In this paper, the basics behind the various synthesis process involved along with optimization of various parameters related to fabrication of such nanocomposites are discussed, and detailed discussions based on each individual property have also been carried out along with exploring the applications in numerous varied fields.
Abstract: Nanomaterials have emerged as an extremely valuable asset in the world of material science. It’s unique, and substantial properties lurk scientist all over the world into incorporating them in various material synthesis. Composites are yet another powerful tool for the development of specific material according to our needs. Fusion of the above-mentioned two mighty tools results in birth of a whole new domain called nanocomposites. This unit provides details about different aspects of nanomaterials, composites, and their categories. This chapter talks thoroughly about the basics behind the various synthesis process involved along with optimization of various parameters related to fabrication of such nanocomposites. Among the pool of nanocomposites, silver nanoparticles and the composites based on these particles have harnessed much attention because of the striking properties of Ag nanoparticles like high electrical and thermal conductivity, chemical stability, catalytic activities, antimicrobial properties, nonlinear optical behavior, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Synthesis and development of AgNPs in the literature have been mentioned, and techniques have been reviewed. Detailed discussions based on each individual property have also been carried out along with exploring the applications in numerous varied fields.
25 Nov 2019
TL;DR: A sunlight-driven combustion approach is developed to synthesize pristine metal oxides and their heterostructures and exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than their counterparts synthesized by the conventional solution combustion method.
Abstract: Synthesis of metal oxide nanostructures through combustion routes is a promising technique owing to its simplicity, rapidity, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Herein, a sunlight-driven combusti...
24 Jul 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles (h-BNNPs) reinforced flexible polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite films were prepared via a simple and versatile solution casting method.
Abstract: The hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles (h-BNNPs) reinforced flexible polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite films were prepared via a simple and versatile solution casting method. The morp...
TL;DR: In this paper, capped/uncapped Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles (CdO NPs) synthesized by chemical precipitation technique were investigated by XRD, TGA, TEM and PL spectra.
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of polymer-modified sponges/membranes exhibiting excellent oil absorption capacity, selectivity, recyclability, and mechanical durability are discussed.
Abstract: Oil spill in the environment is one of the serious issues faced around the world. Efficient oil removal and collection from water is a challenging task. Numerous costly and time-consuming physical, chemical, and biological methods had been adopted for oil spill clean-up. Sponges or membranes having both superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties can be utilized for easy oil–water separation. On such surfaces, the water droplet attains contact angle greater than 150 degrees (superhydrophobic) and oil droplets quickly get absorbed with contact angle nearly equal to 0 degrees (superoleophilic). The polymer-modified sponges/membranes can selectively absorb the oil and effectively repel the water with high selectivity and recyclability. In addition, the polymeric sponges/membranes can show excellent hydrophobicity, robustness, and flexibility due to the chemical and physical properties of the polymers. Numerous polymer-modified sponges/membranes exhibiting excellent oil absorption capacity, selectivity, recyclability, and mechanical durability are discussed in this chapter. The innovative ideas and methods utilized for the preparation of superhydrophobic sponges/membranes are also reviewed. These smart surfaces can be produced for industrial scale and used for efficient and controlled oil-water separation in high-risk areas.
TL;DR: In this paper, a MnO2 doped polyaniline (PANI) was grafted on 3D CNTs/graphene was fabricated using basic in situ redox deposition.
Abstract: MnO2 doped polyaniline (PANI) grafted on 3D CNTs/graphene was fabricated using basic in situ redox deposition. The HRTEM and FESEM studies validate that MnO2 doped polyaniline (PANI) can be efficiently coated over the surface of CNTs/graphene. The incorporation of MnO2 in polyaniline well depicted by elemental mapping. The electrochemical studies showed that maximum specific capacitance of 1360 Fg−1 at 5 mV s−1 scan rate was achieved for the MnO2 doped PANI/CNTs/graphene composite, which was nearly 30% higher than 1160 Fg−1 of MnO2 doped PANI /CNTs and 50% more than the 600 Fg−1 of MnO2 doped PANI composite. Moreover, this composite provided a good cycling stability of 82% after 5000 cycles with mentionable capacitance retention. The incredible electrochemical performance is accredited mainly to the porous hierarchical architecture, which consisted of interconnected MnO2 doped PANI uniformly coated over the CNTs/graphene carbon framework.
TL;DR: An ultra-sensitive, room temperature, flexible transparent LPG sensor based on the use of a CdO/graphene nanocomposite that is a highly selective, stable and sensitive to low concentration of LPG even at room temperature is decribed.
Abstract: The authors decribe an ultra-sensitive, room temperature, flexible transparent LPG sensor based on the use of a CdO/graphene nanocomposite. The graphene prevents the accumulation of CdO, enhances the surface area, and acts as a gas sensing material. FESEM images show a uniform decoration of CdO nanoparticles on graphene. The CdO/graphene composite was deposited as a film on interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) which then were used for chemiresistive sensing of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) by using a four probe technique. A Resistivity decreases significantly upon exposure to a LPG. The electrical resistance measurement at a constant bias voltage of 0.5 V. The sensor of type CdO/graphene (1 wt.%) exhibits a sensitivity of 600 ppm of LPG at 27 °C. It is a highly selective, stable and sensitive to low concentration of LPG even at room temperature.
TL;DR: In this article, the preparation of polyvinyl formal based nanocomposites filled with zinc oxide (ZnO) and carbon black nanoparticles using colloidal blending technique was discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and their surface modification via the microwave assisted sonochemical method along with its successful application in designing a smart UV sensor.
Abstract: The present paper examines the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and their surface modification via the microwave assisted sonochemical method along with its successful application in designing a smart UV sensor. The structure of the prepared samples was investigated using XRD, XPS and its respective crystallinity studies. The photoluminescence spectroscopy identified an increase in the green emission intensity due to surface modification which is attributed to the density of oxygen vacancies. The variation in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss values with surface modification is clearly substantiated. As a case study, it was observed a smart UV sensor fabricated using this surface modified ZnO response and decay time that are 14 s and 16 s, respectively. Also, the possibility of surface modification in tuning the sensing responses has been investigated in detail.
TL;DR: The parabolic trough concentrator is a widely used concentrator to harness and concentrate on the solar energy as mentioned in this paper, however, the performance of this concentrator depends upon its various parametrization.
Abstract: The parabolic trough concentrator is a widely used concentrator to harness and concentrate on the solar energy. The performance of the parabolic trough concentrator depends upon its various paramet...
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative study of ceramic/ceramic composites for the development of scaffolds for biomedical applications was conducted by fabricating wollastonite/forsterite composites.
Abstract: The present work deals with a comparative study of ceramic/ceramic composites for the development of scaffolds for biomedical applications. Wollastonite and forsterite were synthesized by a sol–gel combustion method. The influence of constituents and composition on apatite deposition was studied by fabricating wollastonite/forsterite composites. The X-ray diffraction pattern explains the bone like-apatite deposition within early stages of immersion. The atomic force microscopy micrographs revealed that with an increase in wollastonite content in the composites the roughness was enhanced. Dissolution studies further confirmed the rapid consumption of Ca and P ions from the simulated body fluid. Hence, apatite formation was observed to be more on the surface of a composite containing a higher amount of wollastonite. The results suggest that composites have more influence on the biomineralization activity when compared with pure bioceramics.
29 Oct 2019
TL;DR: Iodine doped zinc oxide (I-ZnO) thin films were synthesized by microwave assisted successive ionic layer adsorption (mSILAR) method.
Abstract: Iodine doped zinc oxide (I-ZnO) thin films were synthesized by microwave assisted successive ionic layer adsorption (mSILAR) method. The structural characteristics of pure ZnO and I-ZnO thin films were carried out by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. The potential toxicity of pure and I-ZnO films was examined against gram-positive species like Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus haemolyticus and Bacillus cereus as well as gram-negative species like Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Serratia marcescens, Proteus rettigiri and Vibrio cholera by employing disc diffusion method. All the samples exhibited antibacterial activity on the tested organisms. I-ZnO produced maximum activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative species compared with pure ZnO thin film. The gram-positive species were observed to be more resistant to pure and I-ZnO thin films than gram-negative species. The studies revealed an enhancement in antibacterial activity of the I-doped thin films as compared to pure ZnO thin films.