다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

RNA interference (RNAi) is the process of sequence-specific, post-transcriptional gene silencing in animals and plants, initiated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that is homologous in sequence to the silenced gene. The mediators of sequence-specific messenger RNA degradation are 21- and 22-nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) generated by ribonuclease III cleavage from longer dsRNAs. Here we show that 21-nucleotide siRNA duplexes specifically suppress expression of endogenous and heterologous genes in different mammalian cell lines, including human embryonic kidney (293) and HeLa cells. Therefore, 21-nucleotide siRNA duplexes provide a new tool for studying gene function in mammalian cells and may eventually be used as gene-specific therapeutics.

Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells

Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Previous studies have demonstrated the regulatory functions of Ly49+CD8+ T cells toward self-reactive CD4+ T cells in mice. Recently, we found KIR+CD8+ T cells are the equivalent of mouse Ly49+CD8+ T cells in humans. They are increased in patients with autoimmune or infectious diseases as a negative feedback mechanism to suppress the arising pathogenic cells and maintain peripheral tolerance. Here, we describe the methods on how we characterize the KIR+CD8+ T cells from different diseases using single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing. 

Characterization of KIR+CD8+ Regulatory T Cells in Humans by scRNA- and TCR-seq.

MHC-Peptide Complexes Using Specific Cell Responsiveness and the Number of Determination of the Relationship Between T

Les microARN (miARN) constituent une classe diverse et abondante d'ARN regulateurs endogenes d'environ 22 nucleotides (nt) revetant une pluralite de fonctions dans les cellules animales par regulation de l'expression genetique au niveau post-transcriptionnel. On a observe que l'expression renforcee de miR-181a dans les lymphocytes T matures provoque une augmentation marquee de l'activation des lymphocytes T et augmente la sensibilite des lymphocytes T aux antigenes peptidiques. En outre, les lymphoblastes T presentant une expression de miR-181a plus elevee deviennent reactifs aux antagonistes. Les effets de miR-181a sur la discrimination antigenique sont en partie obtenus par attenuation de l'expression de multiples regulateurs negatifs dans la voie de signalisation des recepteurs des lymphocytes T (TCR), y compris PTPN22 et les phosphatases a double specificite DUSP5 et DUSP6. Il en resulte une reduction du seuil de signalisation des TCR, d'ou un renforcement quantitatif et qualitatif de la sensibilite des lymphocytes T aux antigenes.

Modulation du seuil de signalisation des lymphocytes t et de la sensibilité des lymphocytes t aux antigènes

T cells recognize antigen in a way fundamentally different from B cells. It has been known now for a decade (1–3) that the T cell receptor sees the antigen, not alone, but in association the major histocompatibility complex (MHC, H-2 in the mouse). As a general rule cytotoxic T (Tc) cells recognize antigen in association with Class I MHC molecules and helper T (Th) cells do so with Class II structures (4,5).

The Genes of the Murine T Cell Receptor

/pdf/author-correction-hypoimmunogenic-derivatives-of-induced-1duyk1yn.pdf

Mark M. Davis

Papers

Characterization of KIR+CD8+ Regulatory T Cells in Humans by scRNA- and TCR-seq.

MHC-Peptide Complexes Using Specific Cell Responsiveness and the Number of Determination of the Relationship Between T

Modulation du seuil de signalisation des lymphocytes t et de la sensibilité des lymphocytes t aux antigènes

The Genes of the Murine T Cell Receptor

Author Correction: Hypoimmunogenic derivatives of induced pluripotent stem cells evade immune rejection in fully immunocompetent allogeneic recipients