다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Many lines of evidence suggest that mitochondria have a central role in ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are critical regulators of cell death, a key feature of neurodegeneration. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA and oxidative stress both contribute to ageing, which is the greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. In all major examples of these diseases there is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early and acts causally in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, an impressive number of disease-specific proteins interact with mitochondria. Thus, therapies targeting basic mitochondrial processes, such as energy metabolism or free-radical generation, or specific interactions of disease-related proteins with mitochondria, hold great promise.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases

Interpretation of clinical trials comparing different drug regimens for Parkinson's disease (PD) is complicated by the different dose intensities used: higher doses of levodopa and, possibly, other drugs produce better symptomatic control but more late complications. To address this problem, conversion factors have been calculated for antiparkinsonian drugs that yield a total daily levodopa equivalent dose (LED). LED estimates vary, so we undertook a systematic review of studies reporting LEDs to provide standardized formulae. Electronic database and hand searching of references identified 56 primary reports of LED estimates. Data were extracted and the mean and modal LEDs calculated. This yielded a standardized LED for each drug, providing a useful tool to express dose intensity of different antiparkinsonian drug regimens on a single scale. Using these conversion formulae to report LEDs would improve the consistency of reporting and assist the interpretation of clinical trials comparing different PD medications.

Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson's disease

The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory

Over the past 20 years, neuroimaging has become a predominant technique in systems neuroscience. One might envisage that over the next 20 years the neuroimaging of distributed processing and connectivity will play a major role in disclosing the brain's functional architecture and operational principles. The inception of this journal has been foreshadowed by an ever-increasing number of publications on functional connectivity, causal modeling, connectomics, and multivariate analyses of distributed patterns of brain responses. I accepted the invitation to write this review with great pleasure and hope to celebrate and critique the achievements to date, while addressing the challenges ahead.

/pdf/functional-and-effective-connectivity-a-review-s5oik3vige.pdf

Functional and effective connectivity: a review.

Association of Optic Pathways and Brain Structure With Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert for Parkinson Disease Dementia-Reply.

Variation in recent onset Parkinson’s disease: implications for pre-motor detection

An open label, single site, 12 month, phase II, randomised controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of Exendin-4 (Exenatide) in the treatment of patients with moderate severity Parkinson's disease

Thomas Foltynie

Papers

Association of Optic Pathways and Brain Structure With Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert for Parkinson Disease Dementia-Reply.

Variation in recent onset Parkinson’s disease: implications for pre-motor detection

An open label, single site, 12 month, phase II, randomised controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of Exendin-4 (Exenatide) in the treatment of patients with moderate severity Parkinson's disease

A gamma band specific role of the subthalamic nucleus in switching in verbal fluency

Deletions at 22q11.2 in idiopathic Parkinson's disease: A combined analysis of GWAS data