다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Global strategy for asthma management and prevention

世界経済・社会統計 = World development indicators

Prospective Cohort Study

The anterior insular cortex (AIC) is implicated in a wide range of conditions and behaviours, from bowel distension and orgasm, to cigarette craving and maternal love, to decision making and sudden insight. Its function in the re-representation of interoception offers one possible basis for its involvement in all subjective feelings. New findings suggest a fundamental role for the AIC (and the von Economo neurons it contains) in awareness, and thus it needs to be considered as a potential neural correlate of consciousness.

How do you feel--now? The anterior insula and human awareness.

Asthma guidelines: a changing paradigm to improve asthma care.

Results of a phase II, multiple-dose, randomized trial of an anti-CD23 monoclonal antibody (IDEC-152) in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis

Do allergies protect against the effects of a rhinovirus cold

The granulocyte chemiluminescence (CL) response is the result of activating its cellular “respiratory burst” and oxidative metabolism. The resulting light emission is an indication off intact metabolic events important in bactericidal activity. Patients with cystic fibrosis have recurrent pulmonary infections. To determine whether granulocytes from patients with CF have defective oxidative metabolism, CL was assayed in 8 patients and compared with that in normal control subjects. In CF, the peak CL response to opsonized zymosan is normal. If, however, the time required for peak light emission is compared with the NIH Clinical Score, a significant correlation is found. Granulocytes from patients with airway disease and more severe CF have a more rapid onset of the CL response. Although the clinical significance of this observation is not established, granulocytes from patients with CF appeared “primed” in their response to a phagocytic Stimulus.

Granulocyte Chemiluminescence in Adolescent Patients with Cystic Fibrosis1, 2

The severity of asthma can be judged by many features, including the need for medication and associated side effects. Since asthma has both acute and chronic characteristics, therapeutic regimens should be valuable as an instrument to define disease severity and the consequence of intervention. However, because of the variability of asthma severity within each patient, medication quantitation as an index of asthma severity is not without difficulty and limitation. Furthermore, the philosophy of asthma therapy has undergone changes over the past decade. Previously, anti-inflammatory therapy was reserved for only the most severely ill patients. Now, inflammation is recognized as a critical component of asthma, and all patients with active asthma (other than mild symptoms) are recommended to use anti-inflammatory therapy. Although there is little published experience with treatment regimens as an index of disease severity, those that have been used have found validity and reproducibility with this approach. In this paper, a scoring approach to medication use is recommended. Medication is classified into bronchodilator (beta-agonists, theophylline, and anticholinergic) or anti-inflammatory (corticosteroid and cromolyn sodium). Medication scores are given on either a per-use or a new-dosage basis. Furthermore, the eight medications are stratified according to potency (i.e., inhaled corticosteroid < oral corticosteroid < parenteral corticosteroid). From this approach, the severity of an individual patient's asthma can be quantitated, and this value can serve as one instrument to assess disease severity.

William W. Busse

Papers

Asthma guidelines: a changing paradigm to improve asthma care.

Results of a phase II, multiple-dose, randomized trial of an anti-CD23 monoclonal antibody (IDEC-152) in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis

Do allergies protect against the effects of a rhinovirus cold

Granulocyte Chemiluminescence in Adolescent Patients with Cystic Fibrosis1, 2

Treatment Regimen and Side Effects of Treatment Measures