Batman University

About: Batman University is a education organization based out in Batman, Turkey. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Diesel fuel & Diesel engine. The organization has 300 authors who have published 810 publications receiving 10346 citations. The organization is also known as: Batman Üniversitesi.

Project Surveys for Determining and Defining Key Performance Indicators in the Development of Smart Grids in Energy Systems

Abstract: With the increasing energy needs, it has become obligatory to use technology and computer technology in electricity networks with the advancement of technology. By using the possibilities of high technology, it is possible to carry out audits with two-way data flow and intelligent systems on the sides of energy production and consumption. Many smart grid projects have been implemented around the world, such as the establishment of advanced measurement infrastructure, intelligent meter assembly, generation of electricity from renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, use of electric vehicles and smart buildings . Many developed and developing countries have set up platforms for developing Smart Grids and have set the road map for smart grid. In particular, the main objective of the European Union; By 2020, it was possible to integrate renewable energy resources into the system by 20%, increase energy efficiency by 20%, and reduce carbon emissions by 20%. The American government finances many smart grid projects in its country with a certain amount of reimbursement. Japan has launched smart city pilot applications by taking smart grid projects one step further. Europe, the US and Japan except China, South Korea, Canada and Australia has become interested in smart grids. In this study, development and project examples of smart grids worldwide have been investigated.

Covalent Immobilization of Candida rugosa Lipase on Epichlorohydrin-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles: Enantioselective Hydrolysis Studies of Some Racemic Esters and HPLC Analysis

Abstract: In this study, a new biocatalyst was prepared by immobilizing Candida rugosa lipase epichlorohydrin-functionalized onto the surface of the nanoparticles. Magnetite nanoparticles were obtained by chemical co-precipitation method of Fe2+ and Fe3+, and then the prepared uncoated and coated nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FT-IR and TGA. Lipase was covalently attached to activated nanoparticles. The catalytic properties of free and immobilized lipases were determined. It was found that the optimum temperature for free and immobilized lipases was 30 °C and 35 °C, respectively. The optimum pH values were found to be 7.0 and 8 for free and immobilized lipases, respectively. Immobilized lipase was found to retain significant activity even after the seventh use. In the final section of the study, optically pure compounds were obtained by carrying out the enantioselective hydrolysis studies of racemic esters by using immobilized lipase. Enantiomeric excesses of the products in the enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic ibuprofen and naproxen methyl ester and racemic butyl mandelate were determined to be 94.93, 77.30 and 68.15, respectively.