Batman University

About: Batman University is a education organization based out in Batman, Turkey. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Diesel fuel & Diesel engine. The organization has 300 authors who have published 810 publications receiving 10346 citations. The organization is also known as: Batman Üniversitesi.

Hydropower production without sacrificing environment: a case study of Ilisu Dam and Hasankeyf.

Abstract: The Ilisu Dam and HEPP Project, on the Tigris River in the South-Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, has been under debate for more than half a century due to its possible adverse effects on the environment. In particular, the proposed inundation of the archaeological sites around Hasankeyf has prompted strong criticism from national and international organizations. The primary reason for the administration's insistence on construction of the dam is its energy production capacity. The present study is an assessment of an alternative solution that not only saves Hasankeyf with its countless ancient monuments from inundation but also supplies the projected energy production of Ilisu Dam.

An Adaptive Protection Technique for Smart Distribution Network

Abstract: The future distribution networks (DNs), commonly known as the smart grid is expected to be reliable, efficient, and can accommodate renewable energy resources. The smart distribution network has to withstand the technical challenges related to the integration of distributed generations (DGs). Among these technical challenges, protection malfunctioning with the increased integration of DGs is one of the important issues, which requires a great concern. Thus, a protection philosophy, which can suit the future smart grid requirements with respect to increased integration of DGs, has to be devised. In this paper, an adaptive protection technique, which is based on the characteristics of fault-current and load-current variation, is proposed. In the proposed method, intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) monitor the status of circuit breakers (CBs) and DGs. If any status change occurs, the calculation and relay agents are triggered to update the IEDs. DigSILENT PowerFactory is used to verify the suggested philosophy. Especially DigSILENT Programming Language (DPL) is used to model the adaptive protection. The solar power plant in the Antalya vicinity in Turkey is used to verify the proposed method. The results of the simulation study show the correct operation and effectiveness of the proposed method.

The influence of low indium composition ratio on sol–gel solution-deposited amorphous zinc oxide thin film transistors

Abstract: In this work, we examined the influence of In doping on the morphological and structural characteristics of ZnO active layers grown by the spin coating and the electrical performance of ZnO-based thin film transistors. XRD results indicated that the active layers were amorphous due to the absence of any sharp peaks. XPS analysis was carried out to determine indium amounts as an atomic percentage in ZnO and oxidation state of In. AFM images indicated that the roughness of the active layers decreased with increasing indium concentration in ZnO. The indium doping has dramatically improved the electrical parameters of ZnO-based transistors. The field-effect mobility of undoped TFT increased ~ 157 times by adding %3 In content. The highest field-effect mobility (μsat) of 12.9 cm2V−1 s−1 was obtained for %3 In-doped ZnO TFT (IZO3). Also IZO3 has a 6.96 V threshold voltage (Vth), 106Ion/Ioff ratio, 1.98 V/dec subthreshold slope (SS), and a high on-current of 4.6 mA. We ascribed the performance enhancement of devices with In doping due to increasing carrier concentration of channel. These results show that the low concentration of indium incorporation is very crucial to change the morphological properties of ZnO active layers and to obtain high-performance solution-processed TFTs.

Electrical and photoelectrical behaviour of heterojunctions based on novel oligomeric metal complexes

Abstract: Naringenin-based Schiff base ligands with 4-aminobenzoic hydrazide were obtained as a unilateral form (). The ligand was oligomerized by oxidative polycondensation reaction with NaOCl as an oxidant in an aqueous alkaline medium at 90 °C to form a functional oligomer (), and its transition metal complexes such as those with Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) were prepared. The monomer and the oligomeric compounds were characterized using various techniques. Optical and electrical properties of the complexes were also investigated. All compounds showed indirect band gaps and they can be accepted as being in the semiconductor class. Organic–inorganic hybrid devices were obtained using n-Si inorganic semiconductor and the complexes. The characteristic parameters of the devices were determined using current–voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage measurements in the dark. Photoelectrical properties of the devices were investigated using I–V measurements under a solar simulator with an AM1.5 global filter. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Archaeogenetic analysis of Neolithic sheep from Anatolia suggests a complex demographic history since domestication

Abstract: Sheep was among the first domesticated animals, but its demographic history is little understood. Here we present combined analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear polymorphism data from ancient central and west Anatolian sheep dating to the Late Glacial and early Holocene. We observe loss of mitochondrial haplotype diversity around 7500 BCE during the early Neolithic, consistent with a domestication-related bottleneck. Post-7000 BCE, mitochondrial haplogroup diversity increases, compatible with admixture from other domestication centres and/or from wild populations. Analysing archaeogenomic data, we further find that Anatolian Neolithic sheep (ANS) are genetically closest to present-day European breeds, and especially those from central and north Europe. Our results indicate that Asian contribution to south European breeds in the post-Neolithic era, possibly during the Bronze Age, may explain this pattern.