Institution
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Facility•Upton, New York, United States•
About: Brookhaven National Laboratory is a facility organization based out in Upton, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Quantum chromodynamics & Scattering. The organization has 18828 authors who have published 39450 publications receiving 1782061 citations. The organization is also known as: BNL.
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ETH Zurich1, University of Colorado Boulder2, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos3, Paul Scherrer Institute4, University of Reading5, University of Wisconsin-Madison6, Montana State University7, Texas A&M University8, Saint Louis University9, Brookhaven National Laboratory10, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory11, University of Arkansas12, University of Nevada, Reno13, Massachusetts Institute of Technology14
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of high resolution OA spectra was performed at the T0 urban supersite in Mexico City with a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and complementary instrumentation.
Abstract: . Submicron aerosol was analyzed during the MILAGRO field campaign in March 2006 at the T0 urban supersite in Mexico City with a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and complementary instrumentation. Mass concentrations, diurnal cycles, and size distributions of inorganic and organic species are similar to results from the CENICA supersite in April 2003 with organic aerosol (OA) comprising about half of the fine PM mass. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis of the high resolution OA spectra identified three major components: chemically-reduced urban primary emissions (hydrocarbon-like OA, HOA), oxygenated OA (OOA, mostly secondary OA or SOA), and biomass burning OA (BBOA) that correlates with levoglucosan and acetonitrile. BBOA includes several very large plumes from regional fires and likely also some refuse burning. A fourth OA component is a small local nitrogen-containing reduced OA component (LOA) which accounts for 9% of the OA mass but one third of the organic nitrogen, likely as amines. OOA accounts for almost half of the OA on average, consistent with previous observations. OA apportionment results from PMF-AMS are compared to the PM2.5 chemical mass balance of organic molecular markers (CMB-OMM, from GC/MS analysis of filters). Results from both methods are overall consistent. Both assign the major components of OA to primary urban, biomass burning/woodsmoke, and secondary sources at similar magnitudes. The 2006 Mexico City emissions inventory underestimates the urban primary PM2.5 emissions by a factor of ~4, and it is ~16 times lower than afternoon concentrations when secondary species are included. Additionally, the forest fire contribution is at least an order-of-magnitude larger than in the inventory.
472 citations
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TL;DR: The importance of synergy between theory and experiments to elucidate the complex reaction mechanisms of CO2 hydrogenation for the realization of a better catalyst by design is demonstrated.
Abstract: Rational optimization of catalytic performance has been one of the major challenges in catalysis. Here we report a bottom-up study on the ability of TiO2 and ZrO2 to optimize the CO2 conversion to methanol on Cu, using combined density functional theory (DFT) calculations, kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) measurements, and steady-state flow reactor tests. The theoretical results from DFT and KMC agree with in situ DRIFTS measurements, showing that both TiO2 and ZrO2 help to promote methanol synthesis on Cu via carboxyl intermediates and the reverse water–gas-shift (RWGS) pathway; the formate intermediates, on the other hand, likely act as a spectator eventually. The origin of the superior promoting effect of ZrO2 is associated with the fine-tuning capability of reduced Zr3+ at the interface, being able to bind the key reaction intermediates, e.g. *CO2, *CO, *HCO, and *H2CO, moderately to facilitate methanol formation. This ...
472 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a second-order structural phase transition occurs at T =202$ K involving transverse atomic displacements with wave vector with a wave vector that is a semimetal with small impurity concentrations or deviations from stoichiometry.
Abstract: Neutron-diffraction studies of ${\mathrm{TiSe}}_{2}$ show that a second-order structural phase transition occurs at ${T}_{0}=202$ K involving transverse atomic displacements with wave vector $\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{q}}=(\frac{1}{2},0,\frac{1}{2})$. The electronic transport properties of the most nearly stoichiometric crystals show that ${\mathrm{TiSe}}_{2}$ is a semimetal with ${n}_{e}={n}_{h}={10}^{20}$/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$. Small impurity concentrations or deviations from stoichiometry reduce ${n}_{h}$, increase ${n}_{e}$, and suppress the phase transition. This reduction together with the observed displacement pattern lead us to speculate that the transition is driven by an electron-hole coupling.
472 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that hadrons at transverse momenta are formed by recombination of partons from the dense parton phase created in central collisions at RHIC.
Abstract: We discuss hadron production in heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) We argue that hadrons at transverse momenta ${P}_{T}l5\phantom{\rule{03em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}$ are formed by recombination of partons from the dense parton phase created in central collisions at RHIC We provide a theoretical description of the recombination process for ${P}_{T}g2\phantom{\rule{03em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}$ Below ${P}_{T}=2\phantom{\rule{03em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}$ our results smoothly match a purely statistical description At high transverse momentum hadron production is well described in the language of perturbative QCD by the fragmentation of partons We give numerical results for a variety of hadron spectra, ratios, and nuclear suppression factors We also discuss the anisotropic flow ${v}_{2}$ and give results based on a flow in the parton phase Our results are consistent with the existence of a parton phase at RHIC hadronizing at a temperature of $175\phantom{\rule{03em}{0ex}}\text{MeV}$ and a radial flow velocity of $055c$
472 citations
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TL;DR: A precise measurement of the anomalous g value, a(mu) = (g-2)/2, for the positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron.
Abstract: A precise measurement of the anomalous g value, a(mu) = (g-2)/2, for the positive muon has been made at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. The result a(mu+) = 11 659 202(14) (6) x 10(-10) (1.3 ppm) is in good agreement with previous measurements and has an error one third that of the combined previous data. The current theoretical value from the standard model is a(mu)(SM) = 11 659 159.6(6.7) x 10(-10) (0.57 ppm) and a(mu)(exp) - a(mu)(SM) = 43(16) x 10(-10) in which a(mu)(exp) is the world average experimental value.
471 citations
Authors
Showing all 18948 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
H. S. Chen | 179 | 2401 | 178529 |
Nora D. Volkow | 165 | 958 | 107463 |
David H. Adams | 155 | 1613 | 117783 |
Todd Adams | 154 | 1866 | 143110 |
Jay Roberts | 152 | 1562 | 120516 |
Jongmin Lee | 150 | 2257 | 134772 |
Andrew White | 149 | 1494 | 113874 |
Th. Müller | 144 | 1798 | 125843 |
Alexander Milov | 142 | 1143 | 93374 |
Alexander Belyaev | 142 | 1895 | 100796 |
Gunther Roland | 141 | 1471 | 100681 |
Mingshui Chen | 141 | 1543 | 125369 |
David Lynn | 139 | 1044 | 90913 |
Kaushik De | 139 | 1625 | 102058 |
Xin Chen | 139 | 1008 | 113088 |