China Academy of Engineering Physics

About: China Academy of Engineering Physics is a facility organization based out in Mianyang, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Microstructure. The organization has 14158 authors who have published 12055 publications receiving 115810 citations. The organization is also known as: Ninth Institute of Second Ministry of Mechanical Industry & Ninth Institute of Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

The 2019 materials by design roadmap

Abstract: Advances in renewable and sustainable energy technologies critically depend on our ability to design and realize materials with optimal properties. Materials discovery and design efforts ideally involve close coupling between materials prediction, synthesis and characterization. The increased use of computational tools, the generation of materials databases, and advances in experimental methods have substantially accelerated these activities. It is therefore an opportune time to consider future prospects for materials by design approaches. The purpose of this Roadmap is to present an overview of the current state of computational materials prediction, synthesis and characterization approaches, materials design needs for various technologies, and future challenges and opportunities that must be addressed. The various perspectives cover topics on computational techniques, validation, materials databases, materials informatics, high-throughput combinatorial methods, advanced characterization approaches, and materials design issues in thermoelectrics, photovoltaics, solid state lighting, catalysts, batteries, metal alloys, complex oxides and transparent conducting materials. It is our hope that this Roadmap will guide researchers and funding agencies in identifying new prospects for materials design.

Improved Crystallization of Perovskite Films by Optimized Solvent Annealing for High Efficiency Solar Cell

Abstract: Organic–inorganic halide perovskite-based thin film solar cells show excellent light-to-power conversion efficiency. The high performance for the devices requires the preparation of well-crystallized perovskite absorbers. In this paper, we used the postannealing process to treat the perovskite films under different solvent vapors and observed that the solvent vapors have a strong effect on the film growth. A model regarding the perovskite film growth was proposed as well. Intensive characterizations including scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and admittance spectroscopy allowed us to attribute the improved performance to reduced recombination loss and defect density. Solar cell based on the DMSO-treated films delivered a power conversion efficiency of over 13% with negligible photocurrent hysteresis.

Crystal Packing of Low-Sensitivity and High-Energy Explosives

Abstract: Low-sensitivity and high-energy explosives (LSHEs) are highly desired for their comprehensive superiority of safety and energy. Crystal packing is crucial to both the safety and energy, and therefore becomes of interest in energetic crystal engineering. This work carries out systemic analyses on the crystal packing of 11 existing LSHEs with both energy and safety close or superior to TNT. As a result, we find that the LSHE crystals wholly feature π–π stacking with the aid of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Each LSHE molecule is π-bonded with a big conjugated structure composed of all non-hydrogen atoms in the entire molecule. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding exists in most LSHE molecules with strongly active hydrogen bond (HB) donors of amino and hydroxyl groups, and various strength. These big π-conjugated structures and intramolecular HBs lead to planar molecules with high stability, settling a base of π–π stacking in crystals. With the help of intermolecular HBs, the π–π stacking holding the LSHE cryst...

Practical Quantum Error Mitigation for Near-Future Applications

Abstract: It is vital to minimise the impact of errors for near-future quantum devices that will lack the resources for full fault tolerance. Two quantum error mitigation (QEM) techniques have been introduced recently, namely error extrapolation [Li2017,Temme2017] and quasi-probability decomposition [Temme2017]. To enable practical implementation of these ideas, here we account for the inevitable imperfections in the experimentalist's knowledge of the error model itself. We describe a protocol for systematically measuring the effect of errors so as to design efficient QEM circuits. We find that the effect of localised Markovian errors can be fully eliminated by inserting or replacing some gates with certain single-qubit Clifford gates and measurements. Finally, having introduced an exponential variant of the extrapolation method we contrast the QEM techniques using exact numerical simulation of up to 19 qubits in the context of a `SWAP test' circuit. Our optimised methods dramatically reduce the circuit's output error without increasing the qubit count or time requirements.

Synthesis of novel nanomaterials and their application in efficient removal of radionuclides

Abstract: With the development of nuclear energy, large amounts of radionuclides are inevitably released into the natural environment. It is necessary to eliminate radionuclides from wastewater for the protection of environment. Nanomaterials have been considered as the potential candidates for the effective and selective removal of radionuclides from aqueous solutions under complicated conditions because of their high specific surface area, large amounts of binding sites, abundant functional groups, pore-size controllable and easily surface modification. This review mainly summarized the recent studies for the synthesis, fabrication and surface modification of novel nanomaterials and their applications in the efficient elimination and solidification of radionuclides, and discussed the interaction mechanisms from batch experiments, spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations. The sorption capacities with other materials, advantages and disadvantages of different nanomaterials are compared, and at last the perspective of the novel nanomaterials is summarized.