De La Salle University

About: De La Salle University is a education organization based out in Manila, Philippines. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Computer science. The organization has 2951 authors who have published 4374 publications receiving 49567 citations. The organization is also known as: Pamantasang De La Salle.

The experience of power in teacher–student relationships in collectivistic context

Abstract: While previous research had mainly studied social power in various relationship contexts in Western countries, very little emphasis has been given to non-Western countries, especially in a teacher–student relationship context. This qualitative study explored the experiences of power in a teacher–student relationship context among Filipino teachers and students. Open-ended and semi-structured interviews were conducted among teachers (n = 8) and college students (n = 8) in private universities in the Philippines. Using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke in Qual Res Psychol 3:77–101, 2006), findings revealed themes that characterized the unique and convergent experiences of Filipino teachers and students. Both groups generally describe that the experience of power (and powerlessness) in a teacher–student relationship contexts can be described by the difference in knowledge and expertise between teachers and students, hierarchy dictated by social role and age, responsibility and obligation, and response to power and authority. However, both groups also identified several limits to teachers’ authority. Unique experiences of teachers and students are elaborated, and implications and future research directions are discussed.

The Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings in the Philippines from 1987 to 1997

Abstract: In this paper we report returns for initial public offerings (IPOs) in the Philippines and investigate some characteristics found in other countries to affect returns, specifically offer size, firm age, and industry grouping. For a sample of 104 IPOs during the 11-year period 1987 through 1997, we find average initial returns of 22.69 percent. We do not find that offer size, firm age, or industry groupings affect IPO underpricing and conclude from our findings that underwriters who price Philippine IPOs face different regulatory policies, contractual mechanisms, market conditions than those present in other markets.

Cross-sectional examination of 24-hour movement behaviours among 3- and 4-year-old children in urban and rural settings in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries: the SUNRISE study protocol.

Abstract: Introduction 24-hour movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep) during the early years are associated with health and developmental outcomes, prompting the WHO to develop Global guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age. Prevalence data on 24-hour movement behaviours is lacking, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper describes the development of the SUNRISE International Study of Movement Behaviours in the Early Years protocol, designed to address this gap. Methods and analysis SUNRISE is the first international cross-sectional study that aims to determine the proportion of 3- and 4-year-old children who meet the WHO Global guidelines. The study will assess if proportions differ by gender, urban/rural location and/or socioeconomic status. Executive function, motor skills and adiposity will be assessed and potential correlates of 24-hour movement behaviours examined. Pilot research from 24 countries (14 LMICs) informed the study design and protocol. Data are collected locally by research staff from partnering institutions who are trained throughout the research process. Piloting of all measures to determine protocol acceptability and feasibility was interrupted by COVID-19 but is nearing completion. At the time of publication 41 countries are participating in the SUNRISE study. Ethics and dissemination The SUNRISE protocol has received ethics approved from the University of Wollongong, Australia, and in each country by the applicable ethics committees. Approval is also sought from any relevant government departments or organisations. The results will inform global efforts to prevent childhood obesity and ensure young children reach their health and developmental potential. Findings on the correlates of movement behaviours can guide future interventions to improve the movement behaviours in culturally specific ways. Study findings will be disseminated via publications, conference presentations and may contribute to the development of local guidelines and public health interventions.

Crisp and Fuzzy Optimisation Approaches for Water Network Retrofit

Abstract: Summary of proposed scenarios for network retrofit ScenariosFresh w aterflowrate(ton/h)Wastewaterflowrate(ton/h)Fresh waterreduction (%)Capital costinvestment($)Paybacktime(days)Base case 1989.06 1680.3 NIL NIL NILGrassroots 848.12 539.36 57.4 NIL NILScenario 1 852.83 544.07 57.12 115, 780 28Scenario 2 979.10 670.35 50.78 50, 000 14Scenario 3 1148.91 840.15 42.24 30, 851 10Scenario 4 875.96 567.20 55.96 152, 011 38Scenario 5 1091.81 897.25 45.11 37,636 12 CONCLUSION Water network synthesis for grassroots design is very much established. Inco ntrast, network synthesis for retrofit design has received far less attentionfrom the process integration research community, despite the large number ofopportunities for implementing water conservation in existing plants. In thiswork, simple mathemati cal models based on linear programming and mixed -integer linear programming has been developed to systematically address thenetwork retrofit problem. The focus is on modifying plants that already haveexisting, but suboptimal, water reuse or recycle syst ems. A procedure toderive adjusted limiting process data so as to eliminate the need to remove orredirect any existing water reuse/recycle streams has also been developed.Different scenarios are presented to address different possible cases that maybe encountered in a retrofit project. A fuzzy variant of the optimization modelis also developed to reconcile the conflict inherent in minimising both waterand capital cost. The approach is demonstrated on a case based on anoperational paper mill. All scenarios show good economic performance, withpayback times ranging from 10 – 38 days. The model formulation allows forsufficient flexibility in incorporating various retrofit constraints specific to theplant site during the optimisation, as dictated b y the conditions of a givenapplication.