Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul

About: Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul is a education organization based out in Campo Grande, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Species richness. The organization has 6903 authors who have published 9030 publications receiving 78977 citations. The organization is also known as: UFMS & Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul.

Spatiotemporal variation in human-wildlife conflicts along highway BR-262 in the Brazilian Pantanal

Abstract: The Pantanal of Brazil, the world’s largest freshwater wetland, supports a large diversity of species and is under continually increasing pressure from human development, including vehicle collisions with wild animals. We examined decadal, annual, and spatial variation in wildlife-vehicle collisions along highway BR-262 in the southern Pantanal, and specifically: (1) what is the rate of roadkill along BR-262, and did it increased over the previous decade, (2) which species are frequently victims of collisions and does this vary annually along the highway’s length, and (3) what anthropogenic or environmental factors may influence this variation and how can the context of collisions inform mitigation? We sampled the highway monthly, between April 2011 and June 2012, stopping when roadkill was observed to identify species and collect GPS coordinates and a photographic record. Data was analyzed temporally and in relation to traffic volume and precipitation, and imported into a GIS and analyzed spatially and in relation to elevation. We recorded 518 carcasses from 40 species over the 15 sampling periods. The rate of roadkill incidents was 1 every 6.2 km, a tenfold increase since 2002, and is now one of the highest in Brazil. IUCN Red List species were observed, including lowland tapir, giant anteater, and marsh deer. At the lowest elevations, during seasonal wetland inundation the causeway embankment is sought for refuge, increasing collision probability. Mitigation measures tied to seasonal flood pulse variation along the causeway may reduce the high rate of wild animal mortality and loss of biodiversity.

Sol-gel synthesis of bioactive glass scaffolds for tissue engineering: effect of surfactant type and concentration.

Abstract: Well-defined structural characteristics are some of the exigencies that have to be attended when scaffolds for bone tissue cell culture are designed. A high porosity (70–90%) and a high specific surface area and an average pore size > 150 μm will contribute to allow cell migration throughout the structure, adhesion, and proliferation. At the same time, the biodegradation of the material should occur in a proper rate. One way to reach a structure with these characteristics is to produce foams during sol–gel processing of bioactive glasses (system CaOSiO2P2O5). The addition of a surfactant in the sol–gel solution is necessary for foam formation and to maintain its stability until complete gelation occurs. This study presents the performance evaluation of two surfactants [sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and Tergitol®) to determine optimum conditions for foaming ability and stability properties. The anionic surfactant SLES showed better results in terms of foam volume and its stability. Bioactive glass foams obtained with use of this surfactant presented a higher and interconnected porosity. The porosity of the scaffolds produced was 90%, and the macropore size ranged from 100 to 500 μm. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005

Percursos da constituição de uma política brasileira de educação especial inclusiva

Abstract: Este artigo propoe-se a apresentar analises de alguns elementos que contribuem para a constituicao da Educacao Especial brasileira como uma politica publica, dando especial foco a formulacao do que tem sido denominada de politica de educacao especial na perspectiva inclusiva ou educacao inclusiva. Para tanto, o texto e construido a partir da configuracao de dois aspectos distintos, mas intimamente interligados. O primeiro refere-se ao papel do Governo brasileiro na historia da educacao destinada as pessoas com deficiencias no Brasil. O segundo diz respeito as relacoes entre as politicas nacionais no campo da Educacao e os acordos e compromissos internacionais. Conclui ressaltando a importância dos diferentes setores da sociedade nos embates atuais para a formulacao de uma politica de educacao brasileira, que incorpore, de fato, toda a populacao.

New insights into relationships of lichen-forming Dothideomycetes

Abstract: Here we continue to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of taxa ascribed to the primarily lichen-forming families Trypetheliaceae, Monoblastiaceae and Arthopyreniaceae. We demonstrate that the genera Julella and Arthopyrenia do not form monophyletic groups with taxa from these genera instead being placed both in Pleosporales and Trypetheliales. Within Dothideomycetes, lichen-forming species with brown ascospores are generally placed in the genera Mycomicrothelia, Architrypethelium, and Aptrootia in the family Trypetheliaceae. We tested the taxonomic placement of Anisomeridium phaeospermum, in Monoblastiaceae. This species produces brown-spores with wall ornamentation and therefore appears morphologically similar to Mycomicrothelia. Despite these morphological similarities, molecular data confirmed its placement in Anisomeridium. Consequently, the distinction between these two genera is in need of clarification and ascus characters are identified as the principal discriminating feature. Finally, we identify the non-lichenized taxa Heleiosa barbatula and Funbolia dimorpha as being part of the otherwise lichen-forming family Monoblastiaceae. This is confirmed by the perithecial anatomy of the sexually reproducing Heleiosa barbatula.