Showing papers by "Free University of Berlin published in 1985"
01 Jan 1985
544 citations
TL;DR: Lymphoma complicating coeliac disease appears to be of T-cell, rather than histiocyte, origin.
340 citations
TL;DR: Five papillomas, five leukoplakias, and six carcinomas were investigated for the presence of papillomavirus group-specific antigens and viral DNA and HPV type 11 and 16 DNA were used as probes in Southern blot hybridization at conditions of different stringency.
284 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a first-order approximation for weak rippling of fluid layers is calculated in a first order approximation for the reduction in effective rigidity of a fluid couche.
Abstract: Thermal undulations of fluid layers, whose strength depends on layer rigidity, are shown to reduce the effective rigidity. The decrease is calculated in a first-order approximation for weak rippling. The undulation modes are defined as director waves so that the curvatures satisfy the superposition principle On montre que les ondulations thermiques des couches fluides, dont la resistance depend de la rigidite de la couche, reduisent la rigidite effective. Cette diminution est calculee dans une approximation du premier ordre pour de faibles ondulations. Les modes d'ondulation sont definis comme des ondes de directeur de telle sorte que les courbures satisfassent le principe de superposition
273 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a special algebra is a factor of a special symmetric algebra (Theorem 1.5) and that a biserial algebra of infinite representation type is tame.
259 citations
TL;DR: A comparison is made between the reactions of skeletal tissues to various glasses, glass-ceramics and enamels, and it is shown that the solubility of the glasses cannot directly be related to the reactivity and the resulting bone bonding.
Abstract: Basing on histomorphological evaluations and morphometrical quantifications in a standardized model experiment, a comparison is made between the reactions of skeletal tissues to various glasses, glassceramics and enamels. On the surface of these so-called reactive biomaterials either a direct bonding to mineralized bone or also different amounts of osteoid or chondroid tissue formation can be observed, depending on the composition of the material. It is shown that (1) the solubility of the glasses cannot directly be related to the reactivity and the resulting bone bonding; (2) bone binds only to glasses with a controlled release of constituents and which exhibit a seam of extracellular matrix on their surface, in which normal primary mineralization can occur; (3) the release of constituents such as Al2O3, Ta2O5, ZrO2, or phosphates from the material can inhibit this normal mineralization and the transformation of chondroid tissue to bone; (4) if connective tissue instead of bone is present at the interface (either primarily or after bone remodelling), the dissolution (or corrosion) of the material may be no longer controllable, and the tissue reacts with a continuous inflammatory response to the corrosion products.
213 citations
TL;DR: Comparative experiments with myeloma cells and LPS stimulated spleen B-cells have shown that this technique is at least as sensitive as the traditional counting of [3H]thymidine.
206 citations
TL;DR: The significant serum concentrations and urinary excretion rates of nicotine in the breast-fed infants of smoking mothers suggest that nursing contributes to the nicotine exposure of these neonates and the wide variation of cotinine excretion values did not allow separate evaluation of the two exposure routes.
171 citations
TL;DR: The p150/95 antigen recognized by the anti-Leu M5 antibody is a structurally distinct member of the LFA-1/CR3 family as discussed by the authors, which is the third member of a family of polypeptides sharing a common 95-kDa alpha chain.
Abstract: Monoclonal antibody (mAb) anti-Leu M5 reacts with a two-chain molecule composed of a 150-kDa alpha subunit noncovalently associated with a 95-kDa beta subunit and probably is specific for an epitope on the 150-kDa alpha chain. This p150/95 antigen is the third member of a family of polypeptides sharing a common 95-kDa beta chain, which includes the lymphocyte function-associated antigen LFA-1 (p177/95) and complement receptor CR3 (Mo1/MAC-1/OKM1; p165/95) antigens. Sequential immunoprecipitation with anti-p95 beta chain mAb specifically removed the antigens detected by anti-LFA-1, anti-CR3 and anti-Leu M5 mAb. Certain patients with recurrent bacterial infections are genetically deficient in expression of the LFA-1 and Mo1 antigens, and have impaired granulocyte function. Granulocytes from a patient with this disease also failed to react with anti-Leu M5. Stimulation of normal granulocytes with f-Met-Leu-Phe, C5a-desArg, or calcium ionophore resulted in increased expression of Mo1 and Leu M5 antigens on the cell surface, but did not significantly increase expression of LFA-1 antigen. In functional assays, anti-Leu M5 did not inhibit T cell-mediated or natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. In addition, anti-Leu M5 neither inhibited the binding of complement-coated particles to CR1 or CR3 nor did it affect the binding of EC3dg to neutrophils (CR4). These studies clearly indicate that the p150/95 antigen recognized by the anti-Leu M5 antibody is a structurally distinct member of the LFA-1/CR3 family.
152 citations
TL;DR: The dosage-regimen-dependent teratogenicity as well as plasma and tissue levels of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid were studied in the mouse by comparing various injection regimens and infusion of the drug via implanted osmotic minipumps.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the hydrogen bonding in 76 nucleoside and 11 nucleotide crystal structures was performed, and it was shown that the hydrogen bond lengths fall into well-defined categories according to the nature of the donor or acceptor groups.
TL;DR: It is because this would call into question the current definition of primary generalized epilepsy that Lyon and Gastaut ask for the pathological significance of these minor histological features, for their confirmation by controls, and for their quantification by morphometric analysis.
Abstract: According to the proposal of Gastaut (1969) for an international classification of epilepsies, primary generalized epilepsies are characterized by a specific EEG pattern as well as by the fact that there is no morphological brain damage to be found. As a result of our study of eight cases of primary generalized epilepsy (Meencke and Janz, 1984), to which Lyon and Gastaut refer (1983, we came to the conclusion that brain damage, considered until now to be a consequence of seizures, was not seen despite frequent grand ma1 seizures. However, the brains were not without morphologically significant findings. In almost all cases there were findings in the brain which had to be characterized as “microdysgenesia” and which we interpret as being pathological and a manifestation of minimal developmental disturbances. It is because this would call into question the current definition of primary generalized epilepsy that Lyon and Gastaut ask for the pathological significance of these minor histological features, for their confirmation by controls, and for their quantification by morphometric analysis. Their questions give an opportunity for us to clarify some misunderstandings and to show the future direction of the questions that are required to arrive at new concepts.
TL;DR: Valpramide, the primary amide of valproic acid, proved to be the most potent compound in the three seizure tests, used, being 2-5 times as potent as valproi acid, but valpramid was also considerably more sedative and toxic than valprooic acid or ethosuximide.
TL;DR: No special medium can be recommended at present for the selective cultivation of leuconostocs or pediococci, although it seems reasonable in many cases to use two media at the same time.
TL;DR: The distribution of the transmitter substance GABA was investigated in the mushroom body neuropile of the honeybee by means of immunohistochemistry and it was found that interneurones contained within the PCT exhibit GABA-like immunoreactivity and may function as negative feedback loop.
TL;DR: N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid-induced convulsions can be blocked effectively by direct antagonism of NMDLA-produced excitation, enhancement of GABA-mediated inhibition, and activation of central alpha 2-adrenoceptors.
TL;DR: Clear differences observed between the individual BL cell lines appeared to be related to their endemic or sporadic status, suggesting that endemic BL arises from a more restricted range of progenitor B cells than does the sporadic form of the disease.
Abstract: Tumour cell lines were established in vitro from 16 cases of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus genome-positive Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), 7 of "endemic" origin (i.e. from holoendemic malarial areas of Africa and of New Guinea) and 9 of "sporadic" origin (i.e. from outside such high-incidence areas). All the BL cell lines thus established were monoclonal by immunoglobulin isotype expression and displayed a characteristic chromosomal translocation, t(8:14) or t(8:22), confirming their malignant origin. Clear differences observed between the individual BL cell lines appeared to be related to their endemic or sporadic status. All 7 endemic cell lines began growth as a carpet of single cells, often with small, loose clumps appearing in later passage. Whilst 3 lines of sporadic origin displayed a similar pattern to the above, the majority of sporadic lines grew as large, tight clumps of cells from the first passage onwards. These differences in growth pattern were reflected by differences in cell surface phenotype, as defined in indirect immunofluorescence tests using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for B-lineage-associated antigens. BL cell lines could be classified into 3 separate groups on the basis of their reactivity with 6 particular antibodies (MHM6, AC2, Ki-1, Ki-24, J5 and 38.13). All 7 endemic BL cell lines and 2 of the 3 sporadic BL cell lines which began growth as single cells showed a group-I cell-surface phenotype (MHM6, AC2, Ki-1, Ki-24 negative; J5, 38.13 positive) in early passage. In contrast, all 6 sporadic BL cell lines which began growth in large clumps displayed a distinct group-II phenotype (MHM6, AC2, Ki-1 positive/negative; Ki-24, J5, 38.13 positive); in later passage most of these sporadic lines progressed to a group-III phenotype (MHM6, AC2, Ki-1, Ki-24 positive; J5, 38.13 negative) without loss of those immunoglobulin and chromosomal markers identifying the cells' malignant origin. These clear differences between endemic BL cell lines on the one hand and the majority of sporadic BL cell lines on the other suggest that endemic BL arises from a more restricted range of progenitor B cells than does the sporadic form of the disease.
TL;DR: Combination of Fast Atom Bombardment Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Amino Acid Analysis assigns the amino acid sequence of the Manduca sexta adipokinetic hormone as pGlu-Leu-Thr-Phe- Thr-Ser- Ser-Trp-GlyNH2.
01 May 1985-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: All results (steepR/logI-functions, fast dark adaptation,S(λ) and the absence of colour vision) support the notion that the natural phototactic response is controlled by neuronal pooling, most likely in the lamina M1 monopolar cells.
Abstract: 1.
Honeybees are positively phototactic when they leave a feeding place and start to fly back to the hive. The strength of this natural phototactic response in individually marked bees was measured without interfering with their foraging behaviour.
2.
Absolute sensitivity of this phototactic response to a point light source is in the range of 8.3 · 107 quanta s−1 for 537 nm. This corresponds to about 5 absorbed quanta in 28 green receptors over the integration time of 60 ms.
3.
We conclude that the properties of the monopolar cells or higher order visual interneurons rather than those of the photoreceptors control the intensity dependence of the response because the slopes (n) of the response intensity functions (R/logI) are steep (n: 1.0–2.65) and wavelength dependent. Blue light (439 nm) causes the steepest function.
4.
The effect of residual light adaptation on theR/logI-function and the spectral sensitivity (S(λ)) is negligible under the experimental conditions chosen, since the time course of dark adaptation is fast (τ≦1 min).
5.
The blue and green receptors contribute about equally to theS(λ) of this natural phototactic response, the UV receptors somewhat less (Fig. 5).
6.
Colour mixing experiments, used to test colour vision in phototaxis, reveal no significant deviation from a simple linear summation of the quantal fluxes, irrespective of the spectral mixture used. We conclude, therefore, that under the experimental conditions colour vision is very unlikely to play a role in the phototactic behaviour of the honeybee.
7.
All our results (steepR/logI-functions, fast dark adaptation,S(λ) and the absence of colour vision) support to notion that the natural phototactic response is controlled by neuronal pooling, most likely in the lamina M1 monopolar cells.
TL;DR: Phenobarbital is regarded as the drug of first choice for the treatment of canine epilepsy, and primidone gave rise to signs of liver toxicity in fourteen out of twenty dogs, as indicated by considerable elevations of liver enzyme values.
Abstract: The efficacy of phenobarbital and primidone against canine epilepsy was compared in a controlled study. Thirty-five dogs showing generalized tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal), treated for a minimum of 6 months, were included in the study; fifteen of these were treated with phenobarbital, the other twenty with primidone. Both drugs were dosed according to the clinical requirement; the daily doses ranged from 5-17 mg/kg phenobarbital and from 17-70 mg/kg primidone. The plasma concentrations of phenobarbital, or of primidone and its metabolites phenobarbital and phenylethylmalondiamide (PEMA), were routinely monitored. Complete control of tonic-clonic seizures for 6 months, at least, was attained in six out of fifteen dogs of the phenobarbital group, and in five out of twenty dogs in the primidone group. A further six dogs on phenobarbital, and seven dogs on primidone, were classified as 'improved', i.e. the rate of seizures was reduced by at least 50%. The rest of the dogs were not improved by the treatment. The difference between the efficacy of phenobarbital and primidone was not significant, but primidone gave rise to signs of liver toxicity in fourteen out of twenty dogs, as indicated by considerable elevations of liver enzyme values (alanine transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase). Phenobarbital is, therefore, regarded as the drug of first choice for the treatment of canine epilepsy.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that Levene's test has the correct level whenever the estimate of group "center" is an estimate of the group median, which explains why published Monte Carlo studies have found that the original proposal of centering at the sample mean has correct level only for symmetric distributions.
TL;DR: The micronuclei are interpreted as resulting from errors in the anaphase distribution of chromosomes by spindle disturbances rather than from structural chromosomal aberrations.
Abstract: Methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate (MBC), diethylstilbestrol (DES) and estradiol were tested with regard to their ability to induce C-mitoses, polyploidies, micronuclei, structural chromosomal aberrations and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro. The compounds did not induce structural chromosomal aberrations either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation. MBC and estradiol were negative in the SCE test. DES induced SCE rates which were not even twice the control level and which were independent of dose and of metabolic activation. All compounds induced C-mitoses, polyploidies and micronuclei. The micronuclei are interpreted as resulting from errors in the anaphase distribution of chromosomes by spindle disturbances rather than from structural chromosomal aberrations.
TL;DR: The data indicate that the early lesions of MF show an immunohistologic reaction pattern common to many immune responses of the skin and that the neoplastic cells in the advanced stages are more heterogeneous in phenotype than previously recognized.
Abstract: Altogether, 209 skin biopsies from 103 patients with mycosis fungoides (MF), large plaque parapsoriasis (LPP), and benign chronic dermatoses (BCD) have been examined immunohistologically with the use of a panel of 21 monoclonal antibodies against lymphoid cells and their subsets. All the infiltrates contained a mixture of T-lymphocytes, Langerhans cells, and other types of HLA-DR-positive dermal macrophages. The neoplastic T-cells in MF lesions expressed proliferation-(transferrin receptor) and activation-(the OKT10 antigen) associated markers more frequently than the T-cells in LPP and BCD. In other respects, the neoplastic T-cells in plaque lesions of MF resembled those seen in LPP and BCD; and most of these cases demonstrated a clear predominance of T-cells of helper/inducer type. The neoplastic T-cells in tumor lesions of MF were much more heterogeneous in phenotype. Only eight of these cases could be classified as T-helper neoplasms. In the remaining ten tumor cases, the neoplastic cells expressed either suppressor/cytotoxic or aberrant T-cell phenotypes. There were no phenotypic differences between the "classical" tumor stages and MF d'emblee cases. The data indicate that the early lesions of MF show an immunohistologic reaction pattern common to many immune responses of the skin and that the neoplastic cells in the advanced stages are more heterogeneous in phenotype than previously recognized.
TL;DR: In this paper, combined Video-LEED, work function (Δ∅), thermal desorption (TD), and UV photoelcctron spectroscopy (UPS) measurements revealed a variety of hydrogen assisted phase transformations on a Ni(110) surface between 120 and 250 K.
TL;DR: Cloning cDNA encoding the mouse interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor from a murine T cell line, CTLL using human IL-2 receptor cDNA as probe has revealed several conserved regions localized to particular exons such as transmembrane and cytoplasmic portions, suggesting that these regions are important for receptor function and its regulation.
Abstract: We have cloned cDNA encoding the mouse interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor from a murine T cell line, CTLL using human IL-2 receptor cDNA as probe. COS 7 cells transfected with the cDNA expressed the antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody against the murine IL-2 receptor. The cDNA identified 4 species of mRNA (4.5, 3.5, 2.2 and 1.5 kb) of the mouse IL-2 receptor in CTLL cells. Difference in the length of mRNA seems to be ascribed to the variable length of the 3' untranslated sequence. Total nucleotide sequence (approximately 1400 bp) of this cDNA was determined and compared with the human receptor. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the IL-2 receptor are 70% and 60%, respectively, homologous in average between the two species. The comparison has revealed several conserved regions localized to particular exons such as transmembrane and cytoplasmic portions, suggesting that these regions are important for receptor function and its regulation.
TL;DR: Analysis of CSF data with respect to the seizure type of the patients showed that, compared with controls, significantly reduced average GABA levels were present in children with infantile spasms and unmedicated generalized tonic‐clonic seizures, whereas treated children with generalized tonics and patients with partial epilepsy did not significantly differ from controls.
Abstract: The mean gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level in lumbar CSF of 31 children with epilepsy was not significantly different from that of 41 age-matched controls. However, when the epileptic children were subdivided into untreated patients and patients treated with antiepileptic drugs, the medication-free subgroup had a significantly lower mean CSF GABA level than nonepileptic children. Patients controlled by anticonvulsant therapy had significantly higher CSF GABA levels than untreated epileptic patients. A more detailed analysis of the children taking antiepileptic medication indicated that the only drug that significantly increased GABA in CSF was valproic acid. Analysis of CSF data with respect to the seizure type of the patients showed that, compared with controls, significantly reduced average GABA levels were present in children with infantile spasms (mostly untreated) and unmedicated generalized tonic-clonic seizures, whereas treated children with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and patients with partial epilepsy (mostly treated) did not significantly differ from controls. The data provide further evidence that impairment of the central GABA system may be involved in human epilepsy.
TL;DR: In contrast to Na+/H+ antiport, Li+, Ca2+ and N-ethylmaleimide do not interfere with Na+/(Mg2+)2-preloaded chicken erythrocytes, and are reversibly noncompetitively inhibited by amiloride.