Georgetown University

About: Georgetown University is a education organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 23377 authors who have published 43718 publications receiving 1748598 citations. The organization is also known as: GU & Georgetown.

Taking Care of Business—The Heroin User's Life on the Street

Abstract: (1969). Taking Care of Business—The Heroin User's Life on the Street. International Journal of the Addictions: Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 1-24.

Right ventricular infarction. Clinical and hemodynamic features.

Abstract: Six patients with acute myocardial infarction presented with hemodynamic evidence of predominant right ventricular failure, characterized by a mean right atrial pressure averaging 20.2 mm Hg and left ventricular filling pressure averaging 16.3 mm Hg. Autopsy in two cases revealed extensive involvement of the right as well as the left ventricle. Clinically the patients usually had evidence of diaphragmatic wall infarction, distended neck veins, hypotension and heart block. Pressure contours and mean pressure often showed no significant change as the catheter was advanced from the right atrium to the pulmonary artery. Shock in three patients was effectively treated with plasma volume expansion, to increase further right-sided pressure, or the administration of sodium nitroprusside, to reduce left-sided filling pressure. It is suggested that when right ventricular infarction accompanies left ventricular infarction, a unique clinical and hemodynamic syndrome occurs because the ability of the right ventricle to maintain adequate left ventricular filling is impaired. Recognition of this syndrome is vital if appropriate therapy is to be instituted.

Breast Cancer Risk After Bilateral Prophylactic Oophorectomy in BRCA1 Mutation Carriers

Abstract: Background The availability of genetic testing for inherited mutations in the BRCA1 gene provides potentially valuable information to women at high risk of breast or ovarian cancer; however, carriers of BRCA1 mutations have few clinical management options to reduce their cancer risk. Decreases in ovarian hormone exposure following bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy (i.e., surgical removal of the ovaries) may alter cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy is associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Methods We studied a cohort of women with disease-associated germline BRCA1 mutations who were assembled from five North American centers. Surgery subjects (n = 43) included women with BRCA1 mutations who underwent bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy but had no history of breast or ovarian cancer and had not had a prophylactic mastectomy. Control subjects included women with BRCA1 mutations who had no history of oophorectomy and no history of breast or ovarian cancer (n = 79). Control subjects were matched to the surgery subjects according to center and year of birth. Results We found a statistically significant reduction in breast cancer risk after bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33-0.84). This risk reduction was even greater in women who were followed 5-10 (HR = 0. 28; 95% CI = 0.08-0.94) or at least 10 (HR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.12-0.91) years after surgery. Use of hormone replacement therapy did not negate the reduction in breast cancer risk after surgery. Conclusions Bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy is associated with a reduced breast cancer risk in women who carry a BRCA1 mutation. The likely mechanism is reduction of ovarian hormone exposure. These findings have implications for the management of breast cancer risk in women who carry BRCA1 mutations.