Kagawa University

About: Kagawa University is a education organization based out in Takamatsu, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cancer & Population. The organization has 6028 authors who have published 11918 publications receiving 224111 citations. The organization is also known as: Kagawa Daigaku.

Hot forging characteristic of Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr alloy with single metastable β microstructure

Abstract: Hot deformation characteristic of Ti–5Al–5V–5Mo–3Cr alloy with a starting microstructure of an equiaxed single β microstructure is examined in relation to microstructural evolution and the result according to processing map technique. In testing at 700 °C, subgrain formation is dominant at higher strain rate, while superplasticity occurs at lower strain rate. Herein, dynamic α precipitation from supersaturated β phase occurs during deformation and affects the flow behavior. In testing at and above 800 °C, dynamic recovery (DRV) is dominant and continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) also occurs especially in the vicinity of boundaries of prior-β-grains. There are three domains having an optimized power dissipation efficiency (ranging from 40% to 50%) in processing map. These three domains are reasonably explained in relation to microstructural conversion of frequent activations of grain boundary sliding, dynamic recovery and simultaneous occurrence of dynamic recovery and continuous dynamic recrystallization.

A practical method for measuring deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and T-2 + HT-2 toxin in foods by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies

Abstract: We have developed and tested an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for individual measurement of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and T-2 + HT-2 toxin using monoclonal antibodies for 3,4,15-triacetyl-nivalenol, for both 3,4,15-triacetyl-nivalenol and 3,15-diacetyl-deoxynivalenol, and for acetyl-T-2 toxin. The assay system comprised three kits (desinated the DON + NIV kit, the NIV kit, and the T-2 + HT-2 kit). The practical performance of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system was assessed by assaying trichothecene mycotoxins in wheat kernels. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system meets all the requirements for use in a routine assay in terms of sensitivity (detection limit: deoxynivalenol 80 ng/g, nivalenol 80 ng/g, T-2 toxin 30 ng/g), reproducibility (total coefficient of variation: 1.9-6.2%), accuracy (recovery: 93.8-112.0%), simplicity and rapidity (time required: 42 samples/assay), and a good correlation with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (r=0.9146-0.9991). Components derived from the wheat extract did not interfere with the assay kits. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system is a useful alternative method to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, or liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorption for screening cereals and foods for trichothecene mycotoxin contamination.

Evaluation of growth, yield, relative performance and heat susceptibility of eight wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes grown under heat stress

Abstract: Eight spring wheat cultivars were evaluated under three heat stress conditions (early, late and very late) in order to identify suitable cultivars to develop heattolerant genotypes resistant to future global warming. Results from the study indicate that stress did not negatively affect flag leaf area in ‘Prodip’ and ‘Sufi’, flag leaf dry matter partitioning in ‘Prodip’, ‘BARI Gom-26’ and ‘Shatabdi’, above-ground dry matter partitioning in ‘Shatabdi’ and ‘BARI Gom-26’, seedling emergence in ‘Sufi’ and ‘BARI Gom-26’, or tiller production in ‘Sufi’ and ‘BARI Gom-26’. With respect to lower yield reduction, relative performance and heat susceptibility index (HSI), ‘Sufi’ was highly heat stress-tolerant, followed by ‘BARI Gom-26’ and ‘Shatabdi’. On the basis of HSI values in early heat stress and extremely late heat stress (corresponding to early and extremely late sowing), ‘BARI Gom-26’ (HSI=0.10, 0.65) and ‘Shatabdi’ (0.22, 0.62) were highly tolerant to early heat stress and moderately tolerant to extremely late heat stress while ‘Sufi’ was highly tolerant (0.35) to extremely late heat stress and moderately tolerant (0.51) to early heat stress. All other genotypes were susceptible to heat stress, among which ‘Gourab’ (2.19, 1.46) was the most susceptible followed by ‘Sourav’ (1.19, 1.42), ‘Prodip’ (1.03, 1.23), ‘BARI Gom-25’ (1.61, 0.89) and ‘Bijoy’ (1.04, 1.28). Thus, ‘BARI Gom-26’, ‘Shatabdi’ and ‘Sufi’ have the greatest potential to be used as high-yielding wheat genotypes under warm to hot environments and could be used in a breeding programme to develop heat-tolerant wheat.

CFH and VIPR2 as susceptibility loci in choroidal thickness and pachychoroid disease central serous chorioretinopathy

Abstract: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a common disease affecting younger people and may lead to vision loss. CSC shares phenotypic overlap with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). As recent studies have revealed a characteristic increase of choroidal thickness in CSC, we conducted a genome-wide association study on choroidal thickness in 3,418 individuals followed by TaqMan assays in 2,692 subjects, and we identified two susceptibility loci: CFH rs800292, an established AMD susceptibility polymorphism, and VIPR2 rs3793217 (P = 2.05 × 10-10 and 6.75 × 10-8, respectively). Case-control studies using patients with CSC confirmed associations between both polymorphisms and CSC (P = 5.27 × 10-5 and 5.14 × 10-5, respectively). The CFH rs800292 G allele is reportedly a risk allele for AMD, whereas the A allele conferred risk for thicker choroid and CSC development. This study not only shows that susceptibility genes for CSC could be discovered using choroidal thickness as a defining variable but also, deepens the understanding of differences between CSC and AMD pathophysiology.