Kagawa University

About: Kagawa University is a education organization based out in Takamatsu, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cancer & Population. The organization has 6028 authors who have published 11918 publications receiving 224111 citations. The organization is also known as: Kagawa Daigaku.

Antioxidant Effects of Maillard Reaction Products Obtained from Ovalbumin and Different D-Aldohexoses

Abstract: Nonenzymatic glycation between ovalbumin (OVA) and seven D-aldohexoses was carried out to study the chemical and antioxidant characteristics of sugar–protein complexes formed in the dry state at 55 °C and 65% relative humidity for 2 d through the Maillard reaction (MR). The effects of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) modified with different aldohexoses on radical scavenging, lipid oxidation, and tetrazolium salt (XTT) reducibility were investigated. The results showed that the degree of browning and aggregation and the tryptophan-related fluorescent intensity of glycated proteins displayed a noticeable difference that depended on the sugars used for modification. All the glycated proteins exhibited higher antioxidant activity as compared to a heated control and native OVA, and the antioxidant activity was well correlated with browning development. Furthermore, the order of antioxidant activities for the seven complexes was as follows: altrose/allose–OVAs > talose/galactose–OVAs > gulose–OVA > mannose/glu...

Chapter 9 – Silicon research in the world

Abstract: Research on silicon (Si) has also been done in many countries besides Japan in the fields of agriculture, physiology, biology, and biochemistry. Several excellent review articles on Si in plant and in agriculture have been published. This chapter discusses recent trends on Si research in the world. Although soils, climates, crops, and cultivation systems differ greatly with country, Si has been found to have beneficial effects on crop growth. In Florida (USA), where organic and sand soils predominate, soils contain only a small amount of Si available to plants. In this region, application of calcium silicate slag resulted in a 30-plus increase in rice grain yield. Sugarcane is also a Si-accumulator and an important economic crop. The beneficial effect of Si on sugarcane was previously observed in Hawaii. It is well known that Si application reduces the severity of some diseases. The increased rice yield brought by Si application is mostly attributed to Si-induced suppression of diseases and pests. This function of Si has generated great interest in the world because this implies that Si application can reduce the application of pesticide and fungicide, therefore, reducing environmental risk. Silicon has been reported to be effective for controling various diseases and pests in different plant species. Another recent interest on Si is its alleviative effect on various abiotic stresses.

A First Look at BISTRO Observations of the ρ Oph-A core

Abstract: We present 850 μm imaging polarimetry data of the ρ Oph-A core taken with the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array-2 (SCUBA-2) and its polarimeter (POL-2) as part of our ongoing survey project, ${\boldsymbol{B}}$-fields In STar forming RegiOns (BISTRO). The polarization vectors are used to identify the orientation of the magnetic field projected on the plane of the sky at a resolution of 0.01 pc. We identify 10 subregions with distinct polarization fractions and angles in the 0.2 pc ρ Oph-A core; some of them can be part of a coherent magnetic field structure in the ρ Oph region. The results are consistent with previous observations of the brightest regions of ρ Oph-A, where the degrees of polarization are at a level of a few percent, but our data reveal for the first time the magnetic field structures in the fainter regions surrounding the core where the degree of polarization is much higher (>5%). A comparison with previous near-infrared polarimetric data shows that there are several magnetic field components that are consistent at near-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. Using the Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method, we also derive magnetic field strengths in several subcore regions, which range from approximately 0.2 to 5 mG. We also find a correlation between the magnetic field orientations projected on the sky and the core centroid velocity components.

Effects of heating procedures on deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and zearalenone levels in naturally contaminated barley and wheat.

Abstract: The influence of heating temperature and time on deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV) and zearalenone (ZEA) contents in naturally co-contaminated barley and wheat was investigated intending to establish the basis for a decontamination model of Fusarium mycotoxins in cereals. The standard toxins and whole barley powder samples were heated in a convection oven at 140, 160, 180, 200, or 220 degrees C, and kernel subsamples (200 g each) were roasted in an experimental rotary gas-fired roaster at 150, 180 or 220 degrees C. All treatments resulted in a time-temperature-dependent decomposition of the toxins; the logarithm of the toxin remaining % presented a linear relationship with heating time. The lines equations were used to estimate the half (H) and decimal (D) decomposition times (time required to destroy 50 or 90% of the toxin, respectively). DON and NIV H and D decomposition times were similar and 50% shorter for heated standards than for whole barley powder. ZEA standard values were considerably longer, while whole barley powder values were comparable with those of DON and NIV. At 220 degrees C, D decomposition times of DON, NIV and ZEA heated standards were 11, 10 and 85 min, respectively, while the values obtained in whole barley powder were the same for the three toxins (25 min). The determination of H and D decomposition values constitutes a basis to understand the heating stability nature of each toxin.