National Chung Hsing University

About: National Chung Hsing University is a education organization based out in Taichung, Taiwan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Thin film. The organization has 19443 authors who have published 24060 publications receiving 540154 citations. The organization is also known as: NCHU.

Translational Landscape of Photomorphogenic Arabidopsis

Abstract: Translational control plays a vital role in regulating gene expression. To decipher the molecular basis of translational regulation in photomorphogenic Arabidopsis thaliana, we adopted a ribosome profiling method to map the genome-wide positions of translating ribosomes in Arabidopsis etiolated seedlings in the dark and after light exposure. We found that, in Arabidopsis, a translating ribosome protects an ∼30-nucleotide region and moves in three-nucleotide periodicity, characteristics also observed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammals. Light enhanced the translation of genes involved in the organization and function of chloroplasts. Upstream open reading frames initiated by ATG but not CTG mediated translational repression of the downstream main open reading frame. Also, we observed widespread translational repression of microRNA target genes in both light- and dark-grown Arabidopsis seedlings. This genome-wide characterization of transcripts undergoing translation at the nucleotide-resolution level reveals that a combination of multiple translational mechanisms orchestrates and fine-tunes the translation of diverse transcripts in plants with environmental responsiveness.

Flavor Compounds in Straw Mushrooms Volvariella volvacea Harvested at Different Stages of Maturity

Abstract: Straw mushrooms were harvested at different stages of maturity. The volatile flavor compounds found in straw mushrooms were limonene, octa-1,5-dien-3-ol, 3-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 1-octanol, and 2-octen-1-ol, in which the major compound was 1-octen-3-ol, accounting for 71.6−83.1% of the total volatiles. More mature straw mushrooms possessed the most aroma. Straw mushrooms were high in trehalose (349.0−457.6 mg/g dry weight) and low in mannitol (0−25.5 mg/g). During the development of fruiting bodies, the contents of total free amino acids and monosodium glutamate components, including aspartic and glutamic acids, increased remarkably from 36.11 and 11.20 mg/g dry weight at stage 1 to 60.18 and 26.21 mg/g at stage 5, respectively, in which glutamic acid was the most significant, increasing from 7.72 at stage 1 to 21.00 mg/g dry weight at stage 5. The content of total 5‘-nucleotides and flavor 5‘-nucleotides (5‘-IMP and 5‘-GMP) accumulated steadily with maturation. In this study, more flavor compounds, inclu...

Analysis and experiment of capillary valves for microfluidics on a rotating disk

Abstract: This paper presents an analytical expression of the pressure barrier in a capillary-burst valve for flow regulation in centrifugal microfluidics. The analysis considers variations of the interfacial energies at the meniscus of three-dimensional (3D) configuration in a rectangular microchannel with a sudden expansion in cross-section. We derive a simple expression that predicts the critical burst pressure or rotational speed to overcome the capillary valve. Experiments were carried out for capillary valves that were integrated with microchannels on a rotating disk having various cross-sectional dimensions (300 and 400 μm in width and 80–600 μm in depth) and wedge angles (30°–100°) of sudden expansion. The flow visualization of the meniscus development across the capillary valve supports the assumptions made for the present analysis. The measurements of burst rotational speeds for the capillary valves are in good agreement with the predictions by the simple expression except that those with a larger channel width and wider wedge angles are nearly 10% lower than the predicted values.