Showing papers in "Biomaterials in 2007"

TL;DR: The extensive polymer science literature as it relates to structure, mechanical properties, and chemical resistance of PAEK biomaterials is synthesized to more readily appreciate why this family of polymers will be inherently strong, inert, and biocompatible.

TL;DR: Self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols, which can provide flat and chemically well-defined surfaces, were employed as model surfaces to understand cellular interaction with artificial materials and suggest that cell adhesion is mainly determined by surface wettability, but is also affected by the surface functional group, its surface density, and the kinds of cells.

TL;DR: It is found that NP mean volumetric size correlates linearly with polymer concentration for NPs between 70 and 250 nm in diameter and the ability to control NP size together with targeted delivery may result in favorable biodistribution and development of clinically relevant targeted therapies.

TL;DR: The aim of this article is to systematically review the ingredients commonly used in current dental adhesives as well as the properties of these ingredients.

TL;DR: Carbon nanotubes may play an integral role as unique biomaterial for creating and monitoring engineered tissue as well as imparting novel properties such as electrical conductivity into the scaffolds may aid in directing cell growth.

TL;DR: The factors that appear important for the constructive remodeling of ECM biologic scaffolds are its ability to be rapidly and completely degraded with the generation of downstream bioactive molecules and the ability to engineer its mechanical properties at the time of implantation through an understanding of its collagen fiber microstructure.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that electrostatic interactions can play an important factor in protein adsorption and cellular uptake of nanoparticles.

TL;DR: Quantum dots (QDs) are a class of inorganic fluorophore which are rapidly being applied to existing and emerging technologies, and could have an important role in many areas Significant challenges remain, which must be understood and more fully defined before they can be widely validated.

TL;DR: The application potential of synthetic, protein based, DNA based, and hybrid hydrogels bodes well for the future of this class of biomaterials.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the following topics: different materials used for stents, surface characteristics that influence stent-biology interactions, the use of polymers in stenting, and drug-elutingStents, especially those that are commercially available.

TL;DR: The study demonstrates the importance of scaffold microporosity on bone ingrowth and on the mechanical behavior of HA implant materials and demonstrates the efficacy of the MP scaffolds as drug carriers.

TL;DR: The use of micro-engineered hydrogels for tissue engineering applications has been extensively used in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery and biosensing as discussed by the authors, which has generated new opportunities in addressing challenges in tissue engineering such as vascularization, tissue architecture and cell seeding.

TL;DR: Retention of neuronal function is demonstrated from electrophysiological recordings and the possibility of its application to prevent ischemic insult is suggested from an oxidative injury assay and a mechanism is proposed to explain the auto-catalytic properties of these nanoparticles.

TL;DR: The results show that n-HA/PA composite scaffolds exhibit good biocompatibility and extensive osteoconductivity with host bone, and the introduction of MSCs to the scaffolds dramatically enhanced the efficiency of new bone formation, especially at the initial stage after implantation.

TL;DR: Qualitative images showed that p(SBMA) dramatically reduced biofilm formation of S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa as compared to glass as well as how surface grafting methods will affect the long-term biological performance of the surface coatings.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that electrospun fibers composed of a collagen and PCL blend represent a suitable substrate for supporting cell proliferation, process outgrowth and migration and as such would be a good material for artificial nerve implants.

TL;DR: The results indicate that surface charge density, is a critical element in designing a surface for maximum kill efficiency and the relevance of this finding to the mechanism of action is discussed.

TL;DR: PCL cylindrical scaffolds fabricated by the centrifugation method can be a good tool for the systematic studies of the interactions between cells or tissues and scaffolds with different pore size.

TL;DR: A 2-step model of protein denaturation is suggested, an early stage on the order of seconds to minutes where the outer surface of the protein interacts with the substrate and a second stage involving movement of hydrophobic amino acids from the protein core to the protein/surface interface.

TL;DR: Silicon (Si) substitution in the crystal structures of calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) generates materials with superior biological performance to stoichiometric counterparts.

TL;DR: The results show that MSNs uptake by hMSCs can be regulated by a threshold of positive surface charge but also imply that the modulation of surface charge on MSN uptake is specific to cell type.

TL;DR: Investigation in vitro of a MMC made of magnesium alloy AZ91D as a matrix and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles as reinforcements have been investigated in vitro for mechanical, corrosive and cytocompatible properties revealed that biodegradable MMC-HA are cytcompatible biomaterials with adjustable mechanical and corrosive properties.

TL;DR: It is shown that exposure to increasing concentrations of anionic MNPs results in a dose-dependent diminishing viability and capacity of PC12 cells to extend neurites in response to their putative biological cue, i.e. nerve growth factor.

TL;DR: A polymer system synthesized via photopolymerization of tert-butyl acrylate and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate exhibits a wide range of shape-memory and thermomechanical responses to adapt and meet specific needs of minimally invasive cardiovascular devices.

TL;DR: In vivo biocompatibility results suggest that nanotubular titania does not cause chronic inflammation or fibrosis, and the fabrication routes of titania nano-architectures are flexible and cost-effective, enabling realization of desired platform topologies on existing non-planar orthopedic implants.

TL;DR: Titania nanotubular arrays for local delivery of antibiotics off-implant at the site of implantation are developed and results indicate that they can effectively fill the nanotubes with the drug and the drug eluting nanot tubes significantly reduce bacterial adhesion on the surface.

TL;DR: This review will first introduce the use of nanomaterials in a variety of implant applications highlighting their promise towards regenerating tissues, and cover currently available surface characterization techniques that emphasize nanoscale resolution pertinent for characterizing biological interactions with nanommaterials.

TL;DR: The present results support the substitution mechanism proposed on the basis of neutron powder diffraction studies of the same samples whereby carbonate substitutes on the mirror plane of the phosphate tetrahedron.

TL;DR: Based on results so far obtained in animal models and pilot clinical studies, one can affirm that the bone tissue engineering approaches, although successful in most cases, need further validation before a wide application in clinics, and the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the cells in the inner part of the implanted scaffolds remains a major concern.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that HA base hydrogel can be used for cell and growth factor carriers for tissue regeneration in in vivo calvarial defect regeneration and in vitro.