São Paulo Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology

About: São Paulo Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Context (language use) & Computer science. The organization has 1707 authors who have published 2374 publications receiving 11333 citations.

Electrochemical and Mechanical Behavior of Lead-Silver and Lead-Bismuth Casting Alloys for Lead-Acid Battery Components

Abstract: The present study focuses on the interrelation of microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of Pb-Ag and Pb-Bi casting alloys, which can be used in the manufacture of lead-acid battery components, as potential alternatives to alloys currently used. A water-cooled solidification system is used, in which vertical upward directional solidification is promoted permitting a wide range of microstructures to be investigated. Correlations between microstructural arrays, tensile strengths, and corrosion resistances of Pb-1 wt pct Ag, Pb-2.5 wt pct Ag, Pb-1 wt pct Bi, and Pb-2.5 wt pct Bi alloys are envisaged. It is shown that a compromise between corrosion resistance (represented by the corrosion current density) and mechanical properties (represented by the ultimate tensile strength) can be obtained. Comparisons between specific strengths and mechanical/corrosion ratios are also made. It is also shown that, for microstructures solidified under cooling rates higher than 10 K/s, the Pb-Ag alloys exhibit higher specific strength and mechanical/corrosion ratio. In contrast, for casting processes in which the cooling rates are lower than 5 K/s, the dilute Pb-Bi alloy (i.e., 1 wt pct Bi) is shown to have more appropriate requirements for lead-acid battery components. Comparisons between specific strengths, mechanical/corrosion ratio, and relative weight and cost with Pb-Sn and Pb-Sb alloys are also made.

Effects of Thermal Variables of Solidification on the Microstructure, Hardness, and Microhardness of Cu-Al-Ni-Fe Alloys.

Abstract: Aluminum bronze is a complex group of copper-based alloys that may include up to 14% aluminum, but lower amounts of nickel and iron are also added, as they differently affect alloy characteristics such as strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance. The phase transformations of nickel aluminum-bronze alloys have been the subject of many studies due to the formations of intermetallics promoted by slow cooling. In the present investigation, quaternary systems of aluminum bronze alloys, specifically Cu-10wt%Al-5wt%Ni-5wt%Fe (hypoeutectoid bronze) and Cu-14wt%Al-5wt%Ni-5wi%Fe (hypereutectoid bronze), were directionally solidified upward under transient heat flow conditions. The experimental parameters measured included solidification thermal parameters such as the tip growth rate (VL) and cooling rate (TR), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, hardness, and microhardness. We observed that the hardness and microhardness values vary according to the thermal parameters and solidification. We also observed that the Cu-14wt%Al-5wt%Ni-5wi%Fe alloy presented higher hardness values and a more refined structure than the Cu-10wt%Al-5wt%Ni-5wt%Fe alloy. SEM analysis proved the presence of specific intermetallics for each alloy.

The Embrace Magnetometer Network for South America: First Scientific Results

Abstract: The present work is the second of a two-part paper on the Embrace Magnetometer Network. In this part, we provide some of the first scientific findings that we have already achieved with this network. We identified the diurnal and the seasonal natural variations of the H component. We provided the precise determination of SSC and SI. We showed that the ∆H amplitudes derived from the Embrace MagNet during intense magnetic storm are in very good agreement with the Dst index. We showed that it is possible to investigate of the effects of the Sq systems response to the X-class solar flares occurring during daytime under magnetically quiet conditions.

Impacto de inseticidas sobre Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) e seus inimigos naturais em milho safrinha cultivado em Cassilândia e Chapadão do Sul, MS

Abstract: Due to the fact that the occurrence of Spodoptera frugiperda can harm maize yields and is controlled basically through the use of chemical insecticides, it is crucial to improve the management of this pest by studying the insecticides' selectivity regarding the population of biological control agents. Therefore, the insecticide with insect growth regulating properties lufenuron (Match EC - 0.3 L/ha-1) and the organophosphate chlorpyrifos (Clorpirifos Fersol 480 EC - 0.6 L/ha-1), were analyzed regarding the control of fall armyworm populations and their impact on biological control agents in Cassilândia and Chapadao do Sul, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The analyses were performed weekly considering 100 plants which were distributed in 10 spots at random/treatment, regarding the variables: oviposition, attacked whorls and occurrence of biological control agents. The use of the products did not significantly affect the number of observed ovipositions in the treatments; the insecticide lufenuron showed higher efficiency on the control of fall armyworm and lower deleterious effects on the populations of natural enemies when compared to chlorpyrifos. Besides spiders and the predator Doru luteipes, the observed parasitoid species of the caterpillar were Chelonus sp., Campoletis sp. and Euplectrus sp.