Sharda University

About: Sharda University is a education organization based out in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Medicine. The organization has 1276 authors who have published 2012 publications receiving 16188 citations.

Automated Glaucoma Type Identification Using Machine Learning or Deep Learning Techniques

Abstract: Glaucoma is a serious condition of the optic nerve, resulting in loss of eyesight. A sight-threatening disease, it causes impairment of the optic nerve. Glaucoma detection is an important field of medical image analysis. Nowadays, the scope of machine learning in medical image analysis as well as glaucoma detection is drawing attention from the clinical point of view. The ophthalmologist can avail the benefit of one more opinion through computer-aided diagnosis. The algorithm of machine learning can provide accuracy that is one step ahead for detection of glaucoma. Hence from the accuracy point of view, machine learning techniques can be a beneficial experience for the ophthalmologist. Identification of symptoms for glaucoma and glaucoma affected retinal images is a very important task. Machine learning algorithm works on the symptoms and based on the algorithm, it can classify glaucomatous eyes. Machine learning algorithm needs relevant features for identifying the symptom of glaucoma. For extracting accurate features, good quality image is important. Hence, here we mainly focus on the approach used by machine learning techniques for automatic detection of glaucoma. Retinal image acquisition, image preprocessing techniques, feature extraction, classification of symptoms of glaucoma affected image, and evaluating the performance are the important steps in machine learning techniques. Deep learning approach is an also elaborate process for detection of glaucoma in retinal images.

Optimal Sitting and Sizing of Capacitor Using Iterative Search Method for Enhancement of Reliability of Distribution System

Abstract: A secure and reliable distribution network is unavoidable prerequisite for socioeconomical development of any nation. Capacitors can be used for improving the voltage profile and reliability, and these can reduce reactive component of current. The aim of this paper is to present a mathematical model to fix an optimum size capacitor at optimum location in a radial distribution system for reactive power compensation. An iterative search technique is developed for loss minimization and voltage improvement of system. Authors also provide the effect of capacitor on the reliability of 34 radial bus systems.

Synthesis and physico-chemical properties of a H-cardanol triazole zinc porphyrin conjugate

Abstract: Although a large number of natural and non-natural metalloporphyrins are known, examples with fluorescence and fat-soluble properties are rare. We have achieved the synthesis of a fluorescent and fat-soluble zinc porphyrin incorporating four units of hydrogenated cardanol (H-cardanol). The synthesis is sustainable since the product is derived from cashew-nut shell liquid (CNSL), which is a renewable and bio-waste material. The H-cardanol triazole zinc porphyrin conjugate (HTZPC) was synthesized through applying a copper(I) catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction between a H-cardanol derived azide and a tetraarylporphyrin derived alkyne. The absorption and emission properties of the hydrocarbon solvent soluble HTZPC were evaluated using UV-vis and fluorescence emission spectra obtained in various solvents. The results were compared with related molecules like a triazole-zinc porphyrin conjugate (TZPC), zinc tetra-C(4)-methoxyphenyl porphyrin (ZP), and a H-cardanol-triazole conjugate (HTC). The results showed that HTZPC undergoes J-type aggregation in both non-polar and highly polar solvents, which is dictated by van der Waals attractive forces between H-cardanol units in polar solvents (e.g. methanol and dimethylformamide) and π–π stacking interactions between porphyrin units in non-polar solvents (hexane). Moreover, the spectra indicated that the triazole units could stabilize the zinc porphyrin via intermolecular coordinate-complex formation. We anticipate that fat-soluble HTZPC could find applications in medical fields (e.g. in the photodynamic therapy of fat tissue).

Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease: Current Scenario and Future Perspectives.

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health concern owing to its complexity, which often poses a great challenge to the development of therapeutic approaches. No single theory has yet accounted for the various risk factors leading to the pathological and clinical manifestations of dementia-type AD. Therefore, treatment options targeting various molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease have been unsuccessful. However, the exploration of various immunotherapeutic avenues revitalizes hope after decades of disappointment. The hallmark of a good immunotherapeutic candidate is not only to remove amyloid plaques but also to slow cognitive decline. In line with this, both active and passive immunotherapy have shown success and limitations. Recent approval of aducanumab for the treatment of AD demonstrates how close passive immunotherapy is to being successful. However, several major bottlenecks still need to be resolved. This review outlines recent successes and challenges in the pursuit of an AD vaccine.

Accentuating the sources of mesenchymal stem cells as cellular therapy for osteoarthritis knees-a panoramic review.

Abstract: The large economic burden on the global health care systems is due to the increasing number of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) knee patients whereby accounting for greater morbidity and impaired functional quality of life. The recent developments and impulses in molecular and regenerative medicine have paved the way for inducing the biological active cells such as stem cells, bioactive materials, and growth factors towards the healing and tissue regenerative process. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) act as a minimally invasive procedure that bridges the gap between pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment for OA. MSCs are the ideal cell-based therapy for treating disorders under a minimally invasive environment in conjunction with cartilage regeneration. Due to the worldwide recognized animal model for such cell-based therapies, global researchers have started using the various sources of MSCs towards cartilage regeneration. However, there is a lacuna in literature on the comparative efficacy and safety of various sources of MSCs in OA of the knee. Hence, the identification of a potential source for therapeutic use in this clinical scenario remains unclear. In this article, we compared the therapeutic effects of various sources of MSCs in terms of efficacy, safety, differentiation potential, durability, accessibility, allogenic preparation and culture expandability to decide the optimal source of MSCs for OA knee.