Swedish Institute

About: Swedish Institute is a government organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 1657 authors who have published 2301 publications receiving 103682 citations. The organization is also known as: Svenska Institutet.

Development of an internet-based support and coaching model for adolescents and young adults with ADHD and autism spectrum disorders: a pilot study

Abstract: The aims of this paper were to develop an internet-based support and coaching model for young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to validate the model. A user-centred design was applied to develop a model for internet-based support and coaching, where individuals received 8-week support via internet (chat). The model was validated by 10 individuals, 15–26 years of age, with ASD and/or ADHD. Self-report questionnaires [Sense of Coherence (SOC), the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life, Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale] were distributed before and after intervention. A structured interview regarding the quality of the model, the Patient perspective of Care and Rehabilitation process (POCR), was used after the intervention. The validation showed significant improvement of SOC, self-esteem and subjective Quality of Life at follow-up and the majority perceived high fulfilment/importance on the POCR. In conclusion, The model can be an important complement to other interventions for young people with ASD and/or ADHD.

Research needs and opportunities in the dry conservation of fruits and vegetables

Abstract: The consumer demand for healthy convenience meals with ‘near fresh’ properties challenges researchers and industry to develop new or improved conservation procedures for food products. However, this recent food trend towards fresh image on one ride and convenience on the other side often conflict. In most cases the fresh quality is negatively affected by the processing procedure. Therefore nowadays efforts ars focussed on extending the shelf life of fresh products. However, sophisticated energy demanding facilities are required for storage and transporation, whereas thc use of ecologically unsound cooling agents is a major drawback. The development of a dehydration process on the basic of electromagnetic energy (EME) may bring about a major breakthrough with respect to the retention of product quality and improved rehydration characteristics. Due to the tenfold weight reduction established in the dehydration process transport and storage costs are minimised thus reducing energy consumption. In co...

The trophoblastic epithelial barrier is not infected in full-term placentae of human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive mothers undergoing antiretroviral therapy.

Abstract: To study the mechanism of the placental barrier function, we examined 10 matched samples of term placentae, cord blood, and maternal blood obtained at delivery from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers with children diagnosed as HIV negative in Sweden. All placentae were histologically normal, and immunochemistry for HIV type 1 p24 and gp120 antigens was negative. Highly purified trophoblasts (93 to 99% purity) were negative for HIV DNA and RNA, indicating that the trophoblasts were uninfected. Although HIV DNA was detected in placenta-derived T lymphocytes and monocytes, microsatellite analysis showed that these cells were a mixture of maternal and fetal cells. Our study indicates that the placental barrier, i.e., the trophoblastic layer, is not HIV infected and, consequently, HIV infection of the fetus is likely to occur through other routes, such as breaks in the placental barrier.

Use of assistive devices in daily activities among 85-year-olds living at home focusing especially on the visually impaired.

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the use of assistive devices in daily activities and its relation to daily activities. Method: 85-year-old persons (n = 617) were studied in a descriptive, cross-sectional population study. Results: The overall use of assistive devices was 77% in the total population of 85-year-old persons and the results show that persons who have visual impairment use more assistive devices. The most common category of assistive devices in the population was connected with bathing followed by mobility devices. The majority of the assistive device users in all groups were independent in both instrumental (I-ADL) and personal daily activities (P-ADL). There was a statistically significant higher proportion of device users who were independent in daily activities in the normal vision group compared to the visual impairment groups. There was already a significant difference in the use of assistive devices at a visual acuity level of 0.7 - 0.5 compared to participants with normal visio...