Institution
United States Department of the Army
Government•Arlington, Virginia, United States•
About: United States Department of the Army is a government organization based out in Arlington, Virginia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Poison control & Population. The organization has 32668 authors who have published 42453 publications receiving 947075 citations. The organization is also known as: DA & U.S. Department of the Army.
Topics: Poison control, Population, Laser, Signal, Virus
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: P (osm) is the only useful marker for static dehydration assessment and P(osm), U(sg), and B(m) are valid markers in the setting of dynamic dehydration assessment.
297 citations
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TL;DR: The studies indicate that neutralizing antibodies are produced in infection by Ebola virus although probably at a relatively low frequency and the neutralizing antibody may be useful in vaccine design and as a prophylactic agent against Ebola virus infection.
Abstract: The activity of antibodies against filoviruses is poorly understood but has important consequences for vaccine design and passive prophylaxis. To investigate this activity, a panel of recombinant human monoclonal antibodies to Ebola virus antigens was isolated from phage display libraries constructed from RNA from donors who recovered from infection in the 1995 Ebola virus outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo. Antibodies reactive with nucleoprotein (NP), envelope glycoprotein (GP), and secreted envelope glycoprotein (sGP) were characterized by immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation assays. Four antibodies reacting strongly with sGP and weakly with GP and two antibodies reacting with NP were not neutralizing. An antibody specific for GP neutralized Ebola virus to 50% at 0.4 μg/ml as the recombinant Fab fragment and to 50% at 0.3 μg/ml (90% at 2.6 μg/ml) as the corresponding whole immunoglobulin G1 molecule. The studies indicate that neutralizing antibodies are produced in infection by Ebola virus although probably at a relatively low frequency. The neutralizing antibody may be useful in vaccine design and as a prophylactic agent against Ebola virus infection.
296 citations
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TL;DR: The name Legionella pittsburgensis species nova is proposed for this organism, which resembles Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella-like organisms in requirements for growth and composition of fatty acids.
Abstract: Pittsburgh pneumonia agent (PPA) was recently cultivated from infected egg yold on charcoal yeast extract agar. PPA has now been isolated both from infected egg yolk and human lung tissue on charcoal yeast extract agar and on a new medium, buffered charcoal yeast extract agar. PPA resembles Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella-like organisms in requirements for growth and composition of fatty acids. It differs in genetic relatedness, antigenic composition, and colonial morphology and has distinctive characteristics that allow it to be identified. The name Legionella pittsburgensis species nova is proposed for this organism.
296 citations
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TL;DR: Among US military personnel vaccinated against smallpox, myopericarditis occurred at a rate of 1 per 12 819 primary vaccinees, higher than the expected rate among personnel who were not vaccinated.
Abstract: ContextIn the United States, the annual incidence of myocarditis is estimated
at 1 to 10 per 100 000 population. As many as 1% to 5% of patients with
acute viral infections involve the myocardium. Although many viruses have
been reported to cause myopericarditis, it has been a rare or unrecognized
event after vaccination with the currently used strain of vaccinia virus (New
York City Board of Health).ObjectiveTo describe a series of probable cases of myopericarditis following
smallpox vaccination among US military service members reported since the
reintroduction of vaccinia vaccine.Design, Setting, ParticipantsSurveillance case definitions are presented. The cases were identified
either through sentinel reporting to US military headquarters surveillance
using the Defense Medical Surveillance System or reports to the Vaccine Adverse
Event Reporting System using International Classification
of Diseases, Ninth Revision. The cases occurred among individuals vaccinated
from mid-December 2002 to March 14, 2003.Main Outcome MeasureElevated serum levels of creatine kinase (MB isoenzyme), troponin I,
and troponin T, usually in the presence of ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram
and wall motion abnormalities on echocardiogram.ResultsAmong 230 734 primary vaccinees, 18 cases of probable myopericarditis
after smallpox vaccination were reported (an incidence of 7.8 per 100 000
over 30 days). No cases of myopericarditis following smallpox vaccination
were reported among 95 622 vaccinees who were previously vaccinated.
All cases were white men aged 21 years to 33 years (mean age, 26.5 years),
who presented with acute myopericarditis 7 to 19 days following vaccination.
A causal relationship is supported by the close temporal clustering (7-19
days; mean, 10.5 days following vaccination), wide geographic and temporal
distribution, occurrence in only primary vaccinees, and lack of evidence for
alternative etiologies or other diseases associated with myopericarditis.
Additional supporting evidence is the observation that the observed rate of
myopericarditis among primary vaccinees is 3.6-fold (95% confidence interval,
3.33-4.11) higher than the expected rate among personnel who were not vaccinated.
The background incidence of myopericarditis did not show statistical significance
when stratified by age (20-34 years: 2.18 expected cases per 100 000;
95% confidence interval [CI], 1.90-2.34), race (whites: 1.82 per 100 000;
95% CI, 1.50-2.01), and sex (males: 2.28 per 100 000; 95% CI, 2.04-2.54).ConclusionAmong US military personnel vaccinated against smallpox, myopericarditis
occurred at a rate of 1 per 12 819 primary vaccinees. Myopericarditis
should be considered an expected adverse event associated with smallpox vaccination.
Clinicians should consider myopericarditis in the differential diagnosis of
patients presenting with chest pain 4 to 30 days following smallpox vaccination
and be aware of the implications as well as the need to report this potential
adverse advent.
295 citations
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TL;DR: The Defense Medical Surveillance System is the central repository of medical surveillance data for the US armed forces and the Department of Defense Serum Repository is a central archive of sera drawn from service members for medical surveillance purposes.
Abstract: The Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) is the central repository of medical surveillance data for the US armed forces. The DMSS integrates data from sources worldwide in a continuouslyexpanding relational database that documents the military and medical experiences of servicemembers throughout their careers. The Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR) is a central archive of sera drawn from servicemembers for medical surveillance purposes. Currently, the DMSS contains data relevant to more than 7 million individuals who have served in the armed forces since 1990, and the DoDSR contains more than 27 million specimens that are linkable to data in the DMSS. Recent applications of the DMSS and DoDSR provide glimpses of the capabilities and uses of comprehensive public health surveillance systems.
294 citations
Authors
Showing all 32680 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
David L. Kaplan | 177 | 1944 | 146082 |
Russel J. Reiter | 169 | 1646 | 121010 |
Donald G. Truhlar | 165 | 1518 | 157965 |
Jie Liu | 131 | 1531 | 68891 |
Martin A. Green | 127 | 1069 | 76807 |
William J. Kraemer | 123 | 755 | 54774 |
Steven J. Jacobsen | 123 | 662 | 62716 |
Roger H Unger | 121 | 493 | 48035 |
Thomas C. Quinn | 120 | 827 | 65881 |
John B. Holcomb | 120 | 733 | 53760 |
Stephen Mann | 120 | 669 | 55008 |
Bette T. Korber | 117 | 392 | 49526 |
Thomas G. Ksiazek | 113 | 398 | 46108 |
John R. Anderson | 112 | 538 | 84725 |
Stanley I. Rapoport | 107 | 696 | 45793 |