United States Department of the Army

About: United States Department of the Army is a government organization based out in Arlington, Virginia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Poison control & Population. The organization has 32668 authors who have published 42453 publications receiving 947075 citations. The organization is also known as: DA & U.S. Department of the Army.

Synthesis and characterization of polymers produced by horseradish peroxidase in dioxane

Abstract: Polymers were synthesized from substituted phenolic and aromatic amine compounds with hydrogen peroxide as the source of an oxidizing agent and horseradish peroxidase enzyme as the catalyst. The polymerization reaction was carried out in a monophasic organic solvent with small amounts of water at room temperature. Conditions for the synthesis of polymers with respect to reaction time and yield were studied with a number of monomers at different concentrations and in solvents with different buffers with pH range of 5.0–7.5. Physical and chemical properties of these homo-and copolymers were determined with respect to melting point, solubility, elemental analysis, molecular weight distribution, infrared absorption (including FTIR), solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal gravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The enzyme catalyzed reactions produced polymers of molecular weight greater than 400,000 which were further fractionated by differential solubility in solvent mixtures and the molecular weight distribution of the polymer fractions were determined. In general, the polymers synthesized have low solubilities, high melting points, and some degree of branching.

Trends in the incidence of cancers among HIV-infected persons and the impact of antiretroviral therapy: A 20-year cohort study

Abstract: Cancers such as Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) were among the initial clinical diagnoses that led to the recognition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in 1981 [1]. Some experts in the 1980s suggested that malignancies would cause a second epidemic, which was realized with the occurrence of KS and lymphoma [2]. Subsequently, three cancers were classified as AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs), including KS, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), and invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) [3, 4]. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996, the rates of KS and NHL of the central nervous system have dramatically fallen, with less effect on ICC and systemic NHL rates [5-10]. Simultaneously, non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) have accounted for an increasing proportion of cancer cases reported in HIV-infected individuals. Recent studies have reported that NADCs represented 13% of deaths during the HAART era, compared to less than 1% in the pre-HAART era [11], and that fatal NADCs are now more common than fatal ADCs [12]. However, other research has shown conflicting results regarding incidence rates of NADCs [13, 14]. Further evaluation of cancer trends in large and diverse HIV positive cohorts that include early-stage HIV patients is needed. We evaluated prospectively collected data from the 23-year observational Tri-Service AIDS Clinical Consortium (TACC) HIV Natural History Study (NHS) to further investigate trends in the rates of ADCs and NADCs among HIV-infected persons. Further, given the availability of individual patient data, we assessed whether CD4 cell counts, HIV viral loads, or antiretroviral medications were predictors of cancer occurrence among HIV-infected persons.

Measurement of trust in human-robot collaboration

Abstract: We describe a collaborative performance model that captures the critical performance attributes of the distinctive human-robotic decision and control environment. The literature and our initial experimental studies show that the element of trust in human-robot collaboration is an extremely important factor in the performance model, and accordingly we have focused much of our attention on deriving suitable and practical measures of this variable. In this paper we describe the formulation of a decision-analytical based measure of trust as well as the results of two initial experiments designed to examine trust in a tactical human-robot collaborative task performed in our new mixed initiative team performance assessment system (MITPAS) simulation environment.

Y-Balance Test: A Reliability Study Involving Multiple Raters

Abstract: The Y-balance test (YBT) is one of the few field expedient tests that have shown predictive validity for injury risk in an athletic population. However, analysis of the YBT in a heterogeneous population of active adults (e.g., military, specific occupations) involving multiple raters with limited experience in a mass screening setting is lacking. The primary purpose of this study was to determine interrater test–retest reliability of the YBT in a military setting using multiple raters. Sixty-four service members (53 males, 11 females) actively conducting military training volunteered to participate. Interrater test–retest reliability of the maximal reach had intraclass correlation coefficients (2,1) of 0.80 to 0.85 with a standard error of measurement ranging from 3.1 to 4.2 cm for the 3 reach directions (anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral). Interrater test–retest reliability of the average reach of 3 trails had an intraclass correlation coefficients (2,3) range of 0.85 to 0.93 with an as...