University of Manitoba

About: University of Manitoba is a education organization based out in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 31888 authors who have published 66592 publications receiving 2095493 citations.

Nanotechnology for the Food and Bioprocessing Industries.

Abstract: Several complex set of engineering and scientific challenges in the food and bioprocessing industries for manufacturing high quality and safe food through efficient and sustainable means can be solved through nanotechnology. Bacteria identification and food quality monitoring using biosensors; intelligent, active, and smart food packaging systems; and nanoencapsulation of bioactive food compounds are few examples of emerging applications of nanotechnology for the food industry. We review the background about the potential of nanotechnology, provide an overview of the current and future applications of nanotechnology relevant to food and bioprocessing industry, and identify the societal implications for successful implementation of nanotechnology.

The tourism climatic index: a method of evaluating world climates for tourism

Abstract: In this essay a method of computing tourism climatic indices (TCIS) is described. These indices represent a quantitative evaluation of world climate for the purposes of international tourism. A series of rating systems is developed to provide a systematic basis for assessing the climatic elements that most affect the quality of the tour- ism experience. The problem of weighting climatic variables in the TCI formula is also discussed. Monthly TCIS have been computed for 453 meteorological stations throughout the world, and the results have been generalized in 12 monthly world maps. L' article offre une methode pour calculer des indices climatoogiques touristiques (ICT), qui representent une evaluation quantitative des climats mondiaux, destinee aux besoins du tourisme international. On developpe une serie de systemes d' evaluation d' elements climatologiques, fournissant ainsi une base systematique pour evaluer lesquels de ces derniers influencent le plus la qualitye de l' experience touristique vecu. L'‘article souleve aussi les problhes relies aux valeurs relatives, soient les poids, des variables qui entrent dans la formule de l' ICT. Des valeurs mensuelles ont ete compilees pour 453 stations meteorologiques a travers le monde, et les resultats sont presentes, en forme generalisee sur une base mensuelle, dans douze cartes mondiales.

Physical and mental comorbidity, disability, and suicidal behavior associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in a large community sample.

Abstract: Objective: To assess if posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), recognized as a common mental disorder in the general population and veteran samples, has a unique impact on comorbidity, disability, and suicidal behavior (after adjusting for other mental disorders, especially depression). Methods: Data came from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 1.2 (n = 36,984; age >/=15 years; response rate 77%). All respondents were asked if they had been given a diagnosis of PTSD by a healthcare professional. A select number of mental disorders were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Chronic physical health conditions, measures of quality of life, disability, and suicidal behavior were also assessed. Results: The prevalence of PTSD as diagnosed by health professionals was 1.0% (95% CI = 0.90-1.15). After adjusting for sociodemographic factors and other mental disorders, PTSD remained significantly associated with several physical health problems including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, chronic pain conditions, gastrointestinal illnesses, and cancer. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, mental disorders, and severity of physical disorders, PTSD was associated with suicide attempts, poor quality of life, and short- and long-term disability. Conclusions: PTSD was uniquely associated with several physical disorders, disability, and suicidal behavior. Increased early recognition and treatment of PTSD are warranted. Language: en

Mössbauer Study of Several Ferrimagnetic Spinels

Abstract: The ferrimagnetic spinels ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, Ni${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, Co${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, Mn${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, and Mg${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ have been prepared and studied with the M\"ossbauer-effect technique over a wide temperature range both with and without large applied magnetic fields. The cation distributions have been determined and compared with magnetization measurements. For Co${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and Mg${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, this distribution depends on the heat treatment; two extremes---quenched and slowly cooled samples---have been investigated. The hyperfine magnetic fields at ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{57}$ nuclei in $A$ and $B$ sites have been obtained as a function of temperature. A number of hyperfine fields are identified with the $B$ sites of Co${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, Mn${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, and Mg${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and attributed to the kind and distributions of cations in the nearest-neighbor $A$ sites. From the data, the ratio of the $\mathrm{Co}(A)\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Fe}(B)$ and $\mathrm{Mn}(A)\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Fe}(B)$ to the $\mathrm{Fe}(A)\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Fe}(B)$ superexchange interactions is found to be 0.68 and 0.66, respectively. Since the M\"ossbauer spectra provides no evidence for ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}$ ions in Mn${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, a canted spin arrangement for the Mn ions in $A$ and $B$ sites is proposed to account for the small observed magnetization.