University of Winnipeg

About: University of Winnipeg is a education organization based out in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 3235 authors who have published 6413 publications receiving 150564 citations. The organization is also known as: U of W.

Multiple incentives for parental optimism and brood reduction in blackbirds

Abstract: Why do parent birds hatch their young asynchronously? This phenotypic handicap exacts a cost of reduced growth and elevated mortality from the last-hatched or “marginal” offspring, while conferring advantages to the more senior “core” brood. David Lack long ago proposed that marginal offspring allow parents to track resources that are uncertain at the time of clutch initiation. If food is insufficient for the entire brood, hatching asynchrony allows surplus marginal offspring to be culled from the brood efficiently. This in effect represents a secondary adjustment of clutch size. Today Lack's hypothesis remains a central, although controversial, component, of discussions of hatching asynchrony and avian brood reduction. Most field workers report results inconsistent with Lack's hypothesis (e.g., a failure of asynchronously hatching broods to produce more fledglings than do experimentally synchronized broods) and have offered a variety of alternative explanations. Previous workers have focused, with limite...

Recent and Future Demand for Walleye in North America

Abstract: Walleye stocking is a major program of many fisheries agencies in North America; 32 state, federal, and provincial agencies reported stocking walleye between 1986 and 1991. This study describes a survey of 29 agencies that operated fingerling stocking programs during this period. The average number of fingerlings stocked annually by each agency during this time was 32.5 million fish. Based on a median cost of 2 cents per cm and a fish size of 5.1 cm, operating expenditures for all agencies producing fingerlings during this period totaled US$19 million. The primary purpose of stocking was to rehabilitate or supplement existing walleye populations or to establish new self-sustaining populations. Future stocking during 1996–2000 is likely to increase substantially unless restricted by funding constraints.

Perceived Regard Explains Self-Esteem Differences in Expressivity

Abstract: Baumeister, Tice, and Hutton proposed that individuals with low self-esteem (LSEs) adopt a more cautious, self-protective self-presentational style than individuals with high self-esteem (HSEs). The authors predicted that LSEs' self-protectiveness leads them to be less expressive--less revealing of their thoughts and feelings--with others than HSEs, and that this self-esteem difference is mediated by their perceptions of the interaction partner's regard for them. Two correlational studies supported these predictions (Studies 1 and 2). Moreover, LSEs became more expressive when their perceived regard was experimentally heightened--when they imagined speaking to someone who was unconditionally accepting rather than judgmental (Study 3) and when their perceptions of regard were increased through Marigold, Holmes, and Ross's compliment-reframing task (Study 4). These findings suggest that LSEs' expressiveness can be heightened through interventions that reduce their concerns about social acceptance.

Logical form and agency

Abstract: A good deal of Donald Davidson's important and widely influential paper, `The Logical Form of Action Sentences',1 is taken up with demonstrating the failure of the Kenny-Chisholm-von Wright style 2 account of the syntax of agency to adequately cope with a varied collection of problems. The approach repudiated by Davidson enjoins partitioning an action-sentence into an agent, a state of affairs, and an operation of bringing about: `Socrates drops the cup'. becomes `Socrates brings it about that the cup falls'. I call this style of analysis the Anselmian approach, arguing that not only can this approach deal well enough with Davidson's problems to restore itself as an interesting subject of investigation, but in some respects it handles these problems so perspicuously that we can begin to see them in an entirely new perspective, one that is favorable to the Anselmian approach.

Caregiver Response to Alzheimer's Disease.

Abstract: Research on Alzheimer's Disease caregivers has tried to find a link between 1) the length of time a caregiver has been giving care; or 2) the physical condition of the patient and the experiences and needs of the caregiver. This study found no significant correlation between length of time a caregiver had given care to a particular patient and the caregiver's subjective feelings of caregiver burden. It found a significant, moderate correlation between caregiver burden and the patient's functional ability. It found that caregivers' subjective feelings and needs best predict their feelings of burden. This report concludes with suggestions on how to improve support for caregivers in light of these findings.