University of Winnipeg

About: University of Winnipeg is a education organization based out in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 3235 authors who have published 6413 publications receiving 150564 citations. The organization is also known as: U of W.

The Formation of Human Populations in South and Central Asia

Abstract: By sequencing 523 ancient humans, we show that the primary source of ancestry in modern South Asians is a prehistoric genetic gradient between people related to early hunter-gatherers of Iran and Southeast Asia. After the Indus Valley Civilization's decline, its people mixed with individuals in the southeast to form one of the two main ancestral populations of South Asia, whose direct descendants live in southern India. Simultaneously, they mixed with descendants of Steppe pastoralists who, starting around 4000 years ago, spread via Central Asia to form the other main ancestral population. The Steppe ancestry in South Asia has the same profile as that in Bronze Age Eastern Europe, tracking a movement of people that affected both regions and that likely spread the distinctive features shared between Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic languages.

Perfluoroalkyl sulfonic and carboxylic acids: a critical review of physicochemical properties, levels and patterns in waters and wastewaters, and treatment methods.

Abstract: Perfluorinated acids (PFAs) are an emerging class of environmental contaminants present in various environmental and biological matrices. Two major PFA subclasses are the perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and carboxylic acids (PFCAs). The physicochemical properties and partitioning behavior for the linear PFA members are poorly understood and widely debated. Even less is known about the numerous branched congeners with varying perfluoroalkyl chain lengths, leading to confounding issues around attempts to constrain the properties of PFAs. Current computational methods are not adequate for reliable multimedia modeling efforts and risk assessments. These compounds are widely present in surface, ground, marine, and drinking waters at concentrations that vary from pg L(-1) to microg L(-1). Concentration gradients of up to several orders of magnitude are observed in all types of aquatic systems and reflect proximity to known industrial sources concentrated near populated regions. Some wastewaters contain PFAs at mg L(-1) to low g L(-1) levels, or up to 10 orders of magnitude higher than present in more pristine receiving waters. With the exception of trifluoroacetic acid, which is thought to have both significant natural and anthropogenic sources, all PFSAs and PFCAs are believed to arise from human activities. Filtration and sorption technologies offer the most promising existing removal methods for PFAs in aqueous waste streams, although sonochemical approaches hold promise. Additional studies need to be conducted to better define opportunities from evaporative, extractive, thermal, advanced oxidative, direct and catalyzed photochemical, reductive, and biodegradation methods. Most PFA treatment methods exhibit slow kinetic profiles, hindering their direct application in conventional low hydraulic residence time systems.

Cellular automata-based pseudorandom number generators for built-in self-test

Abstract: A variation on a built-in self-test technique is presented that is based on a distributed pseudorandom number generator derived from a one-dimensional cellular automata (CA) array. The cellular automata-logic-block-observation circuits presented are expected to improve upon conventional design for testability circuitry such as built-in logic-block operation as a direct consequence of reduced cross correlation between the bit streams that are used as inputs to the logic unit under test. Certain types of circuit faults are undetectable using the correlated bit streams produced by a conventional linear-feedback-shift-register (LFSR). It is also noted that CA implementations exhibit data compression properties similar to those of the LFSR and that they display locality and topological regularity, which are important attributes for a very large-scale integration implementation. It is noted that some CAs may be able to generate weighted pseudorandom test patterns. It is also possible that some of the analysis of pseudorandom testing may be more directly applicable to CA-based pseudorandom testing than to LFSR-based schemes. >

Perfectionism traits and perfectionistic self-presentation in eating disorder attitudes, characteristics, and symptoms

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between several dimensions of perfectionism and measures of eating disorder symptoms, body image, and appearance self-esteem in college students. Method: A sample of 81 female university students completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, the Eating Attitudes Test, the Bulimia Test, the Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire, and two measures of self-esteem. Results: It was found that whereas self-oriented perfectionism was related only to anorexic symptoms, the social facets of perfectionism, especially socially prescribed perfectionism and the perfectionistic self-presentation dimensions, were related to eating disorder symptoms as well as body image avoidance and self-esteem. Discussion: The findings support the usefulness of differentiating personal and interpersonal dimensions of perfectionism as well as trait versus self-presentational aspects of perfectionism in investigating personality and attitudes and behaviors related to eating disorders. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.