Showing papers in "Bone in 2018"

TL;DR: Cumulative data illustrate their so far unreported highly important role in endochondral ossification and the necessity of a fine balance in M1/M2 macrophage function, which appears mandatory to fracture healing and successful regeneration.

TL;DR: FLS programs improved outcomes of osteoporosis-related fractures, with significant increases in BMD testing, treatment initiation, and adherence to treatment and reductions in re-fracture incidence and mortality.

TL;DR: New data is presented on biomechanical properties and AGEs in adults with T2D, which are needed to better understand mechanisms contributing to diabetic skeletal fragility.

TL;DR: This study indicated that H19 is a positive regulator in tension-induced osteogenesis of hBMMSCs through acting as a ceRNA for miR-138 and then up-regulating downstream FAK.

TL;DR: This review highlights the current understanding of the physiological bone remodelling and the bone healing process followed by strategies to incorporate both the physiological and pathophysiological events into an in vitro environment.

TL;DR: The site specificity, age-related development, regulation and metabolic characteristics of BMAT under various metabolic conditions, including the functional interactions with bone and hematopoietic cells are reviewed.

TL;DR: It is concluded that OPN has a non-redundant role regulating formation and mineralization of dentin and bone, influences tissue properties of PDL and pulp, but does not control acellular cementum apposition.

TL;DR: A three-dimensional analysis of the ultrastructure of the BMA niche with focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy revealed that BMAs display hallmarks of metabolically active cells including polarized lipid deposits, a dense mitochondrial network, and areas of endoplasmic reticulum.

TL;DR: BMAT has the capacity to respond to β-adrenergic stimuli, however, its responses are muted and BMAT generally resists lipid hydrolysis and remodeling relative to iWAT, which contributes to the understanding of why BMAT is preserved in states of fasting and caloric restriction.

TL;DR: Results indicate that a prospective randomized clinical trial evaluating CTFEA as a criterion for determining the need for surgical stabilization in patients with MBD of the femur may be warranted.

TL;DR: Results suggest that YAP and TAZ in osteoblast progenitors oppose differentiation towards the osteOBlast lineage but in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes, they promote bone formation and inhibit bone resorption.

TL;DR: In this article, a mathematical description of the pore spaces where the biological and biochemical events take place is proposed, accounting for biochemical regulatory mechanisms such as the RANK-RANKL-OPG pathway, coupled with a poromicromechanical model.

TL;DR: CML is established as a viable non-fluorescent AGE target to assess AGE accumulation and fragility in bone by showing that levels of CML, obtained from bone using this technique, increase with age (p<0.05) and are correlated with previously reported measures of bone toughness.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that diet-induced HHcy, a mouse model of metabolite induced osteoporosis, alters homocysteine metabolism by decreasing plasma levels of H2S, which could be used as a novel therapy for HHcy mediated bone loss.

TL;DR: The study findings highlight the importance of maximizing MSK accretion, and developing programs to assist individuals with CP and their caregivers to maintain MSK mass and function throughout the lifespan.

TL;DR: The choice of insulin treatment is not influencing BTMs, metformin treatment may decrease BT Ms, and improvement of glycaemic control may influence bone resorption activity.

TL;DR: In conclusion, BMD is still predictive of future fracture over a long period of time, and the majority of fractures still occur above the osteoporosis threshold, emphasizing the need to improve the screening of osteopenic patients.

TL;DR: It is concluded that evaluating vitamin D status by incorporating assessment of 24,25(OH)D and the VMR provides information on bone health above and beyond 25( OH)D alone.

TL;DR: The effects of teriparatide on CVF, NVF, and clinical fractures over time were statistically consistent in all subgroups except age for CVF (p = .074, patients <75 years of age responded better), and diabetes for clinical fractures (p.046, patients with diabetes responded better) although all of these subgroups experienced significant reductions over time.

TL;DR: T1D influences the musculoskeletal system in adolescence and decreased muscle function could contribute to the osteoporosis reported in adult diabetic patients.

TL;DR: It is reported that long-term stimulation with PEMF treatment was able to alleviate lumbar vertebral OP in postmenopausal mice through a combination of increased bone formation and suppressed bone resorption related to regulating the skeletal gene expressions of Wnt3a/LRP5/β-catenin and RANKL/RANK signaling pathways.

TL;DR: The data identify for the first time a new signaling cascade in DOP: mechanical unloading causes upregulation of DNMT1 and hypermethylation of H19 promoter, which subsequently leads to downregulation of lncRNA-H19 and inhibition of the ERK signaling, suggesting a new potential therapeutic target.

TL;DR: BCT leads to improvements in trabecular bone microarchitecture and increases in serum bone formation markers indicative of new bone formation, as well as increases inSerious bone resorption markers and decreases in cortical vBMD consistent with intracortical remodeling.

TL;DR: After a 14-day lag, a single high dose of vitamin D led to greater production of 24,25( OH)2D3, presumably via induction of the 24-hydroxylase enzyme (CYP24A1), relative to the 25(OH)D3 value than did daily vitamin D supplementation, and this effect persisted for at least 28days after vitamin D administration.

TL;DR: The degree of mineralization of cement lines may represent another tissue-age related phenomenon, given that it strongly relates to the osteonal mineralization level.

TL;DR: Analysis of the rates of tooth extraction socket and osteotomy healing and molecular, cellular, and histologic analyses demonstrate that the emergence of an osteoporotic phenotype delays new alveolar bone formation.

TL;DR: Osteoblast's 3D migratory patterns were affected by the hydrogel properties and the PDGF-BB gradient, although the strongest regulatory factor was determined by the ability of cells to remodel the matrix.

TL;DR: Adolescents/young adults with anorexia nervosa have impaired microarchitecture at the weight-bearing tibia and higher spine MAT, associated with reduced bone strength.

TL;DR: This study presents the first validation study for assessing cortical thickness and porosity using the axial transmission technique, and finds that the automatic signal processing minimizes operator-dependent errors for parameters determination.

TL;DR: Increased bone matrix microdamage and altered vasculature in the subchondral bone of BMLs is consistent with overloading and vascular contributions to the formation of these lesions, offering potential targets for the treatment and prevention of knee OA.