Showing papers in "Cancer Treatment Reviews in 2019"

TL;DR: Improved clinical trial designs using pharmacodynamic endpoints in enriched patient populations will be required to develop better treatments for glioblastoma.

TL;DR: An updated TACE algorithm is proposed and insights into TACE use for patients at any HCC stage are provided and some advanced stage patients are allowed to receive TACE treatment.

TL;DR: The role of immune response in the context of metastatic colorectal cancer, the challenges and the potential strategies for rendering the more frequent microsatellite stable (MSS) tumours "immune-competent" and, therefore, amenable for effective immunotherapy interventions are discussed.

TL;DR: The different salvage treatment options and associated prognostic factors for each of them are reviewed and a treatment algorithm based on the latest available evidence is proposed to discuss the future directions of treatment for locally recurrent NPC.

TL;DR: Use of appropriate AE management strategies and avoidance of contraindicated drugs should help patients with advanced HCC to achieve optimal outcomes with TKIs.

TL;DR: Clinical trial data that have established standard-of-care treatment for advanced-stage UC, mechanisms of resistance and biomarkers of response to platinum-based chemotherapies and immunotheraps are discussed, along with the clinical benefits and limitations of these therapies.

TL;DR: RET fusions provide a viable therapeutic target for oncologic treatment, and further study is warranted into the prevalence and pathogenesis of RET fusions as well as development of current and new tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

TL;DR: The future perspective of combination regimens with antiangiogenic, immunocheckpoint inhibitors, and other biological agents are anticipated as strategies to overcome resistance mechanisms, potentiate the therapeutic efficacy, and expand their clinical use in non-HR deficient tumors.

TL;DR: Overall, PC patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors were not shown to elicit improvement in response rates or overall survival, and combination regimens including chemotherapy have shown initial promise, but these results need to be verified.

TL;DR: This review summarizes recent evidences regarding the roles of B cell and B cell-related pathways in the TME and immune response and discusses their potential roles for novel cancer treatment strategies.

TL;DR: In EGFR mutated or ALK rearranged NSCLC, atezolizumab in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumAB is emerging as a potential treatment option upon progression to first line tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

TL;DR: An overview of the different biomarker-based designs, comparing the features of enrichment, randomize-all, umbrella, and basket trials, and highlighting their advantages and disadvantages is given.

TL;DR: Use and effectiveness of eHealth resources to improve breast cancer patients/survivors' quality of life are explored, and whether existing eHealth interventions addressed specific characteristics of breast cancer, or employed a generic approach only is described.

TL;DR: Aim of this review is to summarize both analytical developments and clinical evidences to offer a comprehensive update on the deployment of ctDNA in breast cancer's (BC) characterization and treatment.

TL;DR: An overview of known hedgehog inhibitors (HHIs) and their potential for the treatment of hematological cancers and solid tumors beyond BCC is provided and the latter strategy may be useful for delaying or overcoming drug resistance.

TL;DR: The present review revisits and summarizes regorafenib's unique mechanisms of action and could highlight molecular insights and provide some perspective for the search of predictive biomarkers used in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with regorAFenib.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed medical management of bone health in patients with solid tumours over the past 30 years, from first-generation bisphosphonates to the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-targeted monoclonal antibody, denosumab.

TL;DR: This manuscript aims at providing an extensive overview of the literature on the use of temporary ovarian suppression with GnRHa during chemotherapy in cancer patients by addressing its biological rationale, the available preclinical and clinical evidence as well as the still existing grey zones in this field that future research efforts should address.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on therapeutic options for this difficult to treat breast cancer subtype and encourage physicians to consider targeted therapies/immunotherapies as part of ongoing clinical trials.

TL;DR: The role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in BTCs is described and the rationale of its targeting in these tumors is examined, with particular focus on clinical activity, toxicities and perspectives on further development of PI3k/ AKT/ mTOR pathway inhibitors.

TL;DR: The state-of-the-art of LAPC and MPC treatment is outlined, highlighting data on the target therapies failure and current ongoing clinical trials on new promising therapeutic strategies.

TL;DR: ParPis are effective regardless of BRCA mutational status, and the role of these drugs in prolonging PFS in the whole population with HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.32-0.42, p < 0.00001, with a significant improvement even in wild type cancers.

TL;DR: Rechallenge with anti-EGFR provides clinical benefit in molecularly selected mCRC patients beyond second line and further ctDNA-guided studies comparing this option of treatment with current approved advanced line treatments are warranted.

TL;DR: The state-of-the art in the management of GC is summarized together with novel concepts that have entered clinical development with the potential of change practice in the foreseeable future.

TL;DR: The key elements of the ImmTAC platform are highlighted that make it ideally positioned to overcome the cold tumour microenvironment in an off-the-shelf format.

TL;DR: A better understanding of gastric cancer molecular characteristics may lead to further improvements in treatment and outcomes for patients with the disease.

TL;DR: The current review comprehensively focuses on the role of FGFR2 inhibition either alone or in combination with other targeted therapy that act on down-stream and alternate kinase pathways in cholangiocarcinoma.

TL;DR: The detection of molecular prognostic markers able to detect patients who may benefit more from oncological treatments should be a primary endpoint of age-focused clinical trials.

TL;DR: Current scientific knowledge on adjuvant treatment in localized colon cancer, the duration and timing of adjUvant therapy and the perspectives for better selection of patients who will benefit from adjuant treatments are focused on.

TL;DR: Proton-therapy for treatment of adult benign intracranial and cervical tumors is safe and Randomized or prospective cohorts with long term cognitive evaluations are needed to assess the real place of proton-Therapy in the treatment of adults benign head and neck tumors.