Showing papers in "Chemical Engineering Journal in 2003"

TL;DR: In this article, a review of thermal conversion processes and particularly the reactors that have been developed to provide the necessary conditions to optimise performance is presented, and the main technical and non-technical barriers to implementation are identified.

TL;DR: In this article, the energy-minimization multi-scale (EMMS) approach is adapted for investigating the dependence of drag coefficient on structure parameters, and the structure-dependent drag coefficients calculated from the EMMS approach are then incorporated into the two-fluid model to simulate the behavior of concurrent-up gas-solid flow in a riser.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effectiveness of a combined reduction-biological treatment system for the decolorization of non-biodegradable textile dyeing wastewater was investigated, where a bisulfite-catalyzed sodium borohydride reduction was used in order to remove the color at ambient temperature and pressure.

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive study of sludge floc characteristics and their impact on compressibility and settleability of activated sludge in full-scale wastewater treatment processes was presented, where morphological (floc size distribution, fractal dimension, filament index) and physical (FLOCculating ability, viscosity, hydrophobicity and surface charge) and chemical (polymeric constituents and metal content) parameters were characterised by morphological and physical parameters.

TL;DR: In this paper, sludge-based (SB) activated carbon (AC) was used for removal of three anionic dyes in solution (CI Acid Brown 283, CI Direct Red 89 and CI Direct Black 168).

TL;DR: An overview of the physical models for computational fluid dynamic (CFD) predictions of multiphase flows is presented in this paper, where the governing equations and closure models are derived and presented for fluid-solid flows and fluid-fluid flows, both in an Eulerian and a Lagrangian framework.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the life cycle assessment to assess the environmental performance of alternative solid waste management options that could be used in an area of the South of Italy suffering from a situation of weighty solid waste emergency.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the catalytic properties of nanostructured Au-ceria for low-temperature water-gas shift (LTS) reaction and showed that the presence of gold greatly enhances the OSC of ceria.

TL;DR: In this article, experiments have been carried out on three Canadian limestones to determine their ability to remove CO2 in multiple carbonation/calcination cycles, and the results suggest that 100% CO2 atmospheres may provide a possible reactivation method for some limestones and that the use of NaCl and Na2CO3 for this purpose requires further investigation in FBC environment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present results from systematic agglomeration experiments in a straw-fired laboratory-scale fluidized bed combustor and a theoretical study of the phenomena.

TL;DR: In this article, the dynamic behavior of gas-solids flow in a 6m high riser was predicted using a transient two-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the kinetic theory of granular flows.

TL;DR: In this paper, structural factors related to the ceramic support and the metallic film chemical composition are shown to be responsible for the differences in membrane performance, such as the support pore size, which controls the required metal film thickness to insure a leak-free membrane and the internal structure of the support (symmetric or asymmetric) which changes the mass transfer resistance.

TL;DR: In this article, the mass and heat transfer characteristics of a composite structured catalytic reactor packing (Composite Structured Packing) are investigated, and the constants of the commonly used engineering correlation Nu = c 1 + c 2 Re n Pr 1/3 were obtained by fitting the CFD results for N = 1.00, 1.15,1.47, 2.00

TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of treating CMP wastewater by electrocoagulation with an aim of simultaneously lowering the wastewater turbidity, and copper and COD concentrations was explored, which achieved 99% copper removal and 96.5% turbidity reduction in less than 100 min.

TL;DR: In this article, the photocatalytic reduction of selenate Se(VI) ions was studied using unmodified TiO2 and Ag-loaded TiO 2 (Ag-TiO2) photocatalyst.

TL;DR: In this article, the surface cleanliness of the prepared particles was found to be highly influential on the photoactivity of the catalyst and the extent and type of washing were found to affect the surface properties of the particles.

TL;DR: In this article, a cylindrical 0.14m diameter bubble column with a metal perforated plate was used to study the stability of the homogeneous-heterogeneous regime transition.

TL;DR: In this article, a conical spouted bed (CSBR) was used for the kinetic study of polystyrene pyrolysis in the 723-823 K range and the results have been compared with those obtained by TGA and in a microreactor of very high sample heating rate.

TL;DR: In this paper, a procedure of cold rolling and annealing has been used for producing thin metal foils for Pd-Ag thin wall permeators, which have been used to recover hydrogen and its isotopes from tritiated water by using the water gas shift reaction, and by the reverse reaction for applications in the fusion reactor fuel cycle.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of Raman spectroscopy of the ceria-supported cobalt catalysts indicate that the cobalt is present as Co 3 O 4, but its average particle size in Co/CeO 2 impregnated with Co acetate is smaller than the other two Co 2+ and Ce 3+ preparations.

TL;DR: In this paper, a high capacity, monolith or particle shaped, regenerable sorbent has been developed for the desulfurization of a dry type coal gas, which consists of crystalline MnAl2O4, a small amount of disperse MnO, and an amorphous Mn-Al-O phase.

TL;DR: In this paper, the hydrodynamics of fluidized beds of FCC particles in a column of diameter 0.29 m were investigated based on gauge and differential pressure signals, as well as optical voidage probe data for conditions approaching and beyond the onset of the turbulent fluidization flow regime.

TL;DR: In this article, two identical, laboratory-scale biofilters have been operated in parallel, for a 2-month period, for the removal of toluene vapors, and the total air flow rate was set at 1.m 3 ǫh −1 and the tofluene concentration at 1.9 Ãǫgǫm −3.

TL;DR: A four-step ion exchange process for chromic acid recovery from waste acid solution was proposed in this paper, where strong acid anionic (OH-type) ion exchange resin was used in the first step to capture chromic acids which was converted to sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in the second step.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-dimensional mathematical model that takes into account the diffusion reaction phenomena inside the particles rigorously has been used to represent the nuclear reforming units, which are basically furnaces containing burners and tubes packed with supported nickel catalyst.

TL;DR: In this article, a multistage foam fractionation in a bubble-cap trayed column was investigated with one to four stages operated in steady-state mode for surfactant concentrations less than the critical micelle concentration (CMC).

TL;DR: The thermodynamical model developed in previous works on a semi-industrial sized pilot was validated to validate the robustness of the model and open some interesting perspectives for the determination of optimized operating conditions at industrial scale.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation on hydrogen generation from methanol using monolithic catalysts is presented, and the results show that the choice of catalytic material has a great influence on the conversion and carbon dioxide selectivity of the reforming reaction.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the distribution of bubble size in annulus sparged air-lifted contactors (ALCs) and examined the gas-liquid mass transfer characteristics of the ALC in forms of mass transfer coefficient and specific interfacial area which were individually evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, the selective, catalytic oxidation of CO in H 2 -containing streams was investigated over titania-supported Co, Pt and Co/Pt catalysts.