Showing papers in "Clinical Immunology in 2009"

TL;DR: The therapy allowed for significant alleviation of the symptoms and reduction of pharmacologic immunosuppression in the case of chronic GvHD, while in the cases of grade IV acute Gv HD it only transiently improved the condition, for the longest time within all Immunosuppressants used nonetheless.

TL;DR: A review highlights the variety of ways in which IL-6 affects CD4 effector functions and how this may contribute to different types of diseases.

TL;DR: Current knowledge about the functions and pathophysiological implications of resistin in different human pathologies is summarized, although there is a significant lack of firm evidence regarding the specific role resistin plays in the "orchestra" of the numerous mediators of inflammation.

TL;DR: This review will focus on immune mediators that participate in the pathogenesis of ischemic acute kidney injury, including lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages.

TL;DR: The binding properties of adalimumab, infliximab, and etanercept were similar for soluble TNF, and very similar for mTNF, yet none of the 3 was able to induce CDC in activated normal human PBMC, suggesting that the different clinical efficacy profiles of these agents are not explained by differences in either TNF-intrinsic binding properties or complement lysis.

TL;DR: Oral sulforaphane safely and effectively induces mucosal Phase II enzyme expression in the upper airway of human subjects and demonstrates the potential of antioxidant Phase II enzymes induction in the human airway as a strategy to reduce the inflammatory effects of oxidative stress.

TL;DR: Gene-specific control of the TLR-induced inflammatory response is an emerging paradigm in the study of inflammation, and may provide the basis for selective modulation of the inflammatory response.

TL;DR: It is concluded that increased doses of Teplizumab are associated with greater adverse events without improved efficacy, and the drug may marginate rather than deplete T cells, which may remain detectable up to 5 years after treatment.

TL;DR: The role of T-cell-dependent (Td) immunogenicity assessment in the preclinical and clinical phases of drug development and new data on regulatory T- cell epitopes contained in the Fc and CH1 domains of IgG are summarized.

TL;DR: The results indicate that, under inflammatory conditions, in the presence of IL-2, Treg can be converted into pro-inflammatory T(H)17 cells and establish a functional link between inflammation and autoimmunity.

TL;DR: Those with lunggranulomas had similar mortality to those with granulomas in other tissues, but not significantly more when compared to the authors' CVID patients without granuloma (19.8%).

TL;DR: The relative and absolute numbers of the various T- and B-cell subsets were determined and it was found that besides thymic output, naive (CD27(+)CD45RO(-)) T-cell proliferation contributed significantly to the establishment of the naive T- cell compartment.

TL;DR: It is suggested that selective IgA deficiency may increase the risk of parentally reported pseudocroup and food hypersensitivity during early childhood.

TL;DR: Cord blood TLR agonist-induced production of the Th1-polarizing cytokines IL-12p70 and IFN-alpha was generally impaired, but for TLR3, 7 and 9 agonists, rapidly increased to adult levels during the first month of life, while TLR4 demonstrated a slower maturation, with low LPS-induced IL- 12p70 production and high IL-10 production up until the age of one month.

TL;DR: The results above suggest that CD4(+)CD25(bright) Treg cells might play a role in the maintenance of pregnancy via up-regulation of CTLA-4 expression, which might lead to an abnormal immune milieu, which confer susceptibility to pregnancy loss.

TL;DR: It is indicated that CD14++CD16+ and CD14+ CD16+ monocyte subsets in asthmatics are differentially modulated by both the inflammatory process and GCS treatment.

TL;DR: CD4(+)CD25(+) CD127(low/)- can be used as a selective biomarker to enrich human Treg cells and also to perform functional in vitro assays in gastric cancer.

TL;DR: Accumulating evidence supports an antifibrotic role of NK cells mainly via an inhibitory effect on hepatic stellate cells by inducing apoptosis and via production of interferon-gamma in most types of liver injury.

TL;DR: This case highlights the first link between actin cytoskeleton regulation and SCID, and identifies absence of Coronin-1A in a girl with T-B+NK+ SCID who suffered recurrent infections including severe post-vaccination varicella at age 13 months.

TL;DR: Genetic profiling of the infiltrating T-cells revealed up-regulated expression of TCRalpha and beta chain, retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear hormone receptor C transcription factor, and multiple cytokine genes that mediate Th17 cell expansion that represent promising targets for new therapies of relapsing-remitting MS.

TL;DR: Evidence that peripheral T cell homeostasis in TP is maintained at minimal levels mainly by extrathymic expansion of existing naive T cells in the periphery to compensate the diminished thymic output is provided.

TL;DR: Results indicate that decreased expression of TIPE2 gene is closely associated with SLE and suggest an important role for TIPe2 gene in the pathogenesis of SLE.

TL;DR: Observations show that antibodies to rituximab are generated in some patients during ritUXimab treatment and may be associated with a less favourable response to treatment.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that T cells infiltrate the intestine of C57BL/6 mice subjected to intestinal I/R during the first hour of reperfusion, and tissue-infiltrating T cells were found to produce IL-17, the pro-inflammatory cytokine.

TL;DR: The findings derived from a homogenous southern European population with low incidence of T1D suggest that FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene are associated with T 1D prevalence.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that female lupus CD4+ T cells and demethylated CD4- T cells express high level of CD40LG and overstimulate B cells to produce IgG due to DNA demethylation and thereby reactivation of the inactive X chromosome in female.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used flow cytometry to analyze CD4 + CD25 HIGH FOXP3 + T regulatory (Treg) cells and ask whether perturbations in their frequency in peripheral blood could underlie the high incidence of autoimmune disorders in CVID patients.