Showing papers in "Clinical Therapeutics in 2017"

TL;DR: Although doses of long-term corticosteroids have fallen over the past several decades in response to AEs, dose reduction may not be a sufficient solution, suggesting a need for further research to fill current data gaps, as well as a potential need for alternative treatment options.

TL;DR: The findings from this study highlight the complex role of the gut microbiome and intestinal epithelium in the progression of ALS and present butyrate as a potential therapeutic reagent for restoring ALS-related dysbiosis.

TL;DR: Few evidence-based strategies exist to guide providers in their discussions with vaccines-hesitant parents, and a presumptive approach (ie, the provider uses language that presumes the caregiver will vaccinate his or her child) is associated with higher vaccination uptake.

TL;DR: Posaconazole can be used for antifungal prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia receiving venetoclax after reducing the venetClax dose by at least 75%.

TL;DR: Overall, NOACs were comparable or superior to VKAs, and a few notable inconsistencies exist for dabigatran/edoxaban.

TL;DR: An overview of the pathophysiology, available treatment options, guideline recommendations, and role of the pharmacist for allergic rhinitis is provided.

TL;DR: There is currently no evidence that vaccines lead to allograft rejection in SOT recipients, and partial protection is preferred over no protection, so physicians should vaccinate individuals with end-stage organ disease.

TL;DR: Vitamin D plays a major role in synchronizing calcium oscillatory signaling to allow cell autophagy or apoptosis during a stress response and should be better highlighted in its molecular action and vitamin D receptor genomics to conceive a more suited therapeutic supplementation protocol in clinics.

TL;DR: An overview of the current state of norovirus vaccine development is provided, emphasizing barriers and challenges in the development of an effective vaccine, correlates of protection used to assess vaccine efficacy, and the results of clinical trials of the major candidate vaccines.

TL;DR: Vaccination is a mainstay of public health strategy for combating flavivirus infections; however, numerous challenges exist along the path from development to delivery of a tolerable and effective vaccine, and intensification of investment and effort in this area holds great promise for significantly reducing the global burden of disease attributable to Flavivirus infection.

TL;DR: Despite the conflicting data obtained from clinical trials, vitamin D deficiency may influence the inflammatory response in the airways and further studies are needed to determine the exact mechanisms by which vitamin D supplementation may induce antiinflammatory effects.

TL;DR: Second-generation long-acting injectable therapies (SGA-LAIs) may reduce health care resource utilization (HRU) and health care costs compared with daily oral atypical antipsychotics (OAAs) in patients with schizophrenia due to reduced dosing frequency, delivery/monitoring by a health care provider, and improved adherence.

TL;DR: The network meta-analysis suggests that the efficacy observed with the capsaicin 8% patch is similar to that observed with oral agents in patients with PDPN, and offers systemic tolerability benefits.

TL;DR: This study reviewed the literature for recently published Phase III clinical trials whose results have guided the current standards of chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer and found that combination chemotherapy regimens are shown to be superior to gemcitabine monotherapy for both metastatic pancreatic cancers.

TL;DR: Levothyroxine is a drug with a narrow therapeutic index, applied in small amounts, which makes interactions in the absorption phase clinically significant, and many gastrointestinal disorders, such as celiac disease, atrophic gastritis, lactose intolerance, and Helicobacter pylori infection, may impede the absorption.

TL;DR: This goal was to propose strategies to improve outcomes in clinical practice, maximizing placebo effects and reducing nocebo effects, as well as managing these phenomena in clinical trials.

TL;DR: There were differences, especially regarding the uptake of newer incretin-based treatments, which are usually prescribed as a second and/or third treatment in agreement with local guidelines, and these variations reflect the differences between the national guidelines of these countries.

TL;DR: Overall, as states moved to allow pharmacists to administer influenza immunizations, the odds that an adult resident received an influenza immunization rose, with the effect increasing over time.

TL;DR: Despite the complex interplay of psychoactive effects and analgesia, the current oral formulation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol may play a role in the treatment of spasticity and pain associated with MS because it was well tolerated and had a stable pharmacokinetic profile.

TL;DR: This review investigates the current knowledge regarding the theoretical and biological underpinning of the nocebo and placebo phenomena, emphasizing the involvement of reward pathways, such as the μ-opioid and dopamine pathways.

TL;DR: This comprehensive review updates the current understanding regarding ways in which it is believed that vitamin D regulates responsiveness of the immune system and how serum status modulates the host defense against pathogens.

TL;DR: The findings from this study suggest that in this NICU, preterm infants supplemented with predominantly DBM had compromised early in-hospital weight gain and, possibly, early cognitive delays compared with infants fed only MOM or infants supplement with predominantly PF.

TL;DR: The lack of effective pharmacologic treatments and the role of physical exercise intervention in limb protection and symptom reversal and magnetic resonance imaging techniques in providing a mechanistic understanding of the disease and helping develop targeted treatments are discussed.

TL;DR: Evolocumab plus to SoC may provide a cost-effective option for LDL-C lowering in FH and SP patients in Spain, and was associated with increased QALYs and costs compared with SoC.

TL;DR: Most of the clinical studies found that VLX was effective and well tolerated, and considering the limited therapeutic options for treating neuropathic pain and the highly variable nature of responses to all drugs, VLx has a place as a treatment option for neuropathicPain.

TL;DR: The sildenafil ODT formulation, which disintegrates rapidly in the mouth, is an alternative to the solid film-coated tablet formulation that offers administration benefit with the potential to improve treatment adherence, thereby enhancing the sexual health and sense of psychological well-being of patients and their partners.

TL;DR: It is found that PCPs treat the majority of mental health patients receiving psychotropic medication prescriptions, including treatment-resistant patients, and PCPs congruent with combinatorial PGx testing provided the most medication cost savings for payers and patients.

TL;DR: This trial demonstrated the safety profile and usability of an in-home advanced robotic device and telecare system and its acceptability to patients and nurses and supports individualized patient dosing schedules, patient-provider communications, and on-time, in- home medication delivery to promote adherence.

TL;DR: Compared with surgery, UAE had lower rates of major complications with an increased risk of re-intervention up to 2 and 5 years after the first procedure, and there was a high risk of bias in at least 2 domains.

TL;DR: Patient reports of their clinical trial experience supported the significance of the primary end point and clinical responder analysis in TELESTAR, helping identify and understand clinically meaningful change produced by telotristat ethyl.