Showing papers in "Current Opinion in Cell Biology in 1998"

TL;DR: The c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) group of MAP kinases has been identified in mammals and insects as discussed by the authors, indicating that this signaling pathway may contribute to inflammatory responses.

TL;DR: Activated PKB/Akt provides a survival signal that protects cells from apoptosis induced by various stresses, and also mediates a number of metabolic effects of insulin.

TL;DR: The progress in understanding the intracellular pathways leading from ligand stimulation to the generation of oxidants, as well as some of the increasing number of cellular processes that appear to be subject to redox regulation are discussed.

TL;DR: The concomitant identification and functional analysis of co-regulators (transcriptional intermediary factors [TIFs], comprising co-activators and co-repressors) previously predicted from squelching studies have deepened this understanding.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent findings on the MAP kinase signalling pathway that leads to phosphorylation of eIF4E and on pathways that regulate repression of eif4E function is presented.

TL;DR: New life is given to old concepts regarding the role of proteolytic fragments of extracellular matrix proteins in regulating a variety of critical processes in cell biology.

TL;DR: Elucidation of how integrin-mediated cell adhesion controls cell growth is likely to be of fundamental importance in understanding complex biological processes, such as tissue morphogenesis and tumor progression.

TL;DR: By targeting microtubules, drugs inhibit cell proliferation by blocking mitosis at the mitotic checkpoint and inducing apoptosis and the antitumor potential of agents that act on the actin cytoskeleton is outlined.

TL;DR: The identification of these limiting co-repressor and co-activator complexes and their specific interaction motifs, in concert with solution of the structures of the receptor ligand-binding domain in apo (empty) and ligand bound forms, indicates a common molecular mechanism by which these factors activate and repress gene transcription.

TL;DR: It has become abundantly clear that at least mouse SSCs can become multipotent embryonic stem–like cells again, capable of differentiation into many other cell lineages and whether the latter is also possible for human SSC.

TL;DR: Recent advances that have been made in terms of understanding how cells generate, transmit and sense mechanical tension, as well as how they use these forces to control their shape and behavior are reviewed.

TL;DR: ADAMs are proteins containing a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain and were implicated in the Notch signaling pathway, and ADAM 17 was shown to be the long sought after tumor necrosis factor-alpha convertase and the crystal structure of its meetallop Proteinase domain was determined.

TL;DR: New evidence from the past two years for the function of dynamin and related GTPases in other Intracellular trafficking events and current information on the domain structure and function of this multidomain GTPase are reviewed.

TL;DR: New evidence suggests that TM4SF proteins may act as linkers between extracellular integrin alpha chain domains and intracellular signaling molecules, such as phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase and protein kinase C.

TL;DR: Tissue remodeling events are excellent models for studies of extracellular proteolysis in cancer because there are strong similarities between neoplastic and non-neoplastic processes in the same tissue.

TL;DR: In the absence of Plk function, mitotic cyclins fail to be destroyed, indicating that Plks are important regulators of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a key component of the ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic degradation pathway.

TL;DR: A growing number of studies have established reciprocal linkages between extracellular matrix-integrins, growth factor signaling and cell-cell adhesion molecules, and crosstalk has been established between the ECM and the homeobox morphoregulatory genes for tissue morphogenesis and differentiation.

TL;DR: The identification and characterization of new family members (in particular KIFC2, 16 new KIFs, XKlp2 and XKCM1) and further characterization of known family members have improved our understanding of these cellular mechanisms as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: This work has demonstrated the complex interplay between beta-catenin and plakoglobin in their involvement in morphogenesis and tumorigenesis strongly suggesting that catenins play key roles in adhesion-mediated signaling.

TL;DR: Altered activity and/or expression of these transcription factors might underlie the pathogenesis of disorders characterized by increased or decreased adipose tissue depots.

TL;DR: Observations in the past year have revealed unexpected similarities between the SCF and the APC and have allowed detailed insight into the regulation of their activities.

TL;DR: Integrating cytomechanical roles of cadherin-mediated adhesion will lead to a greater understanding of how cadherins regulate tissue morphogenesis.

TL;DR: Research has determined how cell spreading influences cell viability as well as cytoskeletal organization and the strength of this tension exerted against the ECM affects the migratory speed of the cell.

TL;DR: The discovery of proteins whose activities are modified by interaction with PtdIns 4,5-P2 has helped to redefine the role of this lipid in cell biology.

TL;DR: Dystrophin has been identified as the gene responsible for X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy and this protein, which is also responsible for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy, plays an important role in myocyte and cardiomeocyte function.

TL;DR: A working model of the cellular organization of gene expression is now emerging through Morphological observations and biochemical evidence that suggests physical interactions between components of the transcription and RNA processing machineries.

TL;DR: The exposure of cells to DNA damage inducers triggers a wide range of cellular responses including an alteration in gene expression, a delay in cell-cycle progression and the stimulation of DNA repair.

TL;DR: During early development, a subset of fetal (placental) cytotrophoblasts exhibits tumor-like behavior and invades the uterus to access a supply of maternal blood, they invade arterioles and form heterotypic interactions with, and replace, resident maternal endothelium, creating a hybrid uterine vasculature.

TL;DR: The nuclear pore complex can be considered to be the stationary phase of bidirectional traffic between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, which consists of karyopherins, transport substrates, and the small GTPase Ran and its modulators.

TL;DR: The electron crystallographic structure of Tubulin showed that the α- and β-tubulin monomers are very similar, and knowledge of the structure of tubulin and the microtubule is essential for the understanding of vital microtubules properties with relevance to broadly used anticancer therapies.