Showing papers in "Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in 2007"

TL;DR: The study concludes that the use of treated and untreated wastewater for irrigation has increased the contamination of Cd, Pb, and Ni in edible portion of vegetables causing potential health risk in the long term from this practice.

TL;DR: The Framework for Metals Risk Assessment is a science-based document that describes basic principles that address the special attributes and behaviors of metals and metal compounds to be considered when assessing their human health and ecological risks.

TL;DR: The results showed that microbial biomass C was negatively affected by the elevated metal levels and was closely correlated with heavy metal stress, and Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis demonstrated that heavy metals pollution had a significant impact on bacterial and actinomycetic community structure.

TL;DR: Toxic impacts of lead, copper, and zinc over a concentration gradient of 0.05-0.20 mg/L on proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis-S5 pointed to the occurrence of a scavenging mechanism.

TL;DR: This correlation is limited to ionic liquids with these or similarly small anions that are sufficiently nonreactive under physiological and chromatographic conditions and whose cation lipophilicity does not exceed a certain threshold.

TL;DR: The focus of the overview is on empirical methods for extraction of metals from soils as a surrogate for the metal-, species- and soil-type-dependent bioavailable and bioaccessible metal pools in a generalized flow chart for monitoring of metals in soils.

TL;DR: Investigation of the toxic effects of cadmium and zinc on the histology of the liver of the southern African freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus found a definite toxic response to both the metal concentrations.

TL;DR: The morphological effects of methylmercury in liver and kidney of Hoplias malabaricus feeding contaminated prey fish over 70 days are investigated, demonstrating that the sensitivity of fish cells to methylMERcury exposure is higher than it has been previously described in the literature.

TL;DR: The results suggest that atmospheric dispersion has ceased but residual metal concentrations in the soil remain persistent and could present health hazards to animals and humans in the past and in the future.

TL;DR: The results suggest the loss of homeostatic capacity of L. saliens under chronic metal exposure leading to bioaccumulation and Cu-liver and Zn-gills accumulation can be good environmental indicators of metal stress in L.Saliens.

TL;DR: Toxicity of the cokery soil as a whole was much lower than toxicity that could be deduced from the concentration of each congener in spiked soils, indicating that pollutants in the soil became less bioavailable with ageing.

TL;DR: The results suggested that HA and PR amendments could significantly reduce the bioavailability and increase the geochemical stability of soil Pb, Zn, and Cd in contaminated soils.

TL;DR: This work presents an alternative approach, based on the hypothesis that organisms' sensitivity to stress is a function of their biology, and can be predicted from species traits such as morphology, life history, physiology and feeding ecology, and found that four species traits explained 71% of the variability in sensitivity to toxicants.

TL;DR: Investigation of soil microbiological parameters in a copper mining wasteland of red soil area, southern China indicated that soil microflora were obviously affected by heavy metals, and demonstrated that heavy metal pollution had a significant impact on microbial community structure and functional diversity.

TL;DR: Results indicate that OTC and FLO are considerably more toxic to T. chui than to A. parthenogenetica, and indicate that the concentrations required to induce mortality to A, only in exceptional conditions will occur in the environment.

TL;DR: The increase in oxidative stress markers and the concomitant change in antioxidant levels indicate the role of oxidative stress in radiation-induced tissue damage and melatonin shows a radioprotective impact against ionizing-radiation-induced oxidative stress and organ injury.

TL;DR: The group contribution method allows an estimation of different combinations of groups in the toxicity (EC(50) of ionic liquids), and from the results the group contributions of anion, cation and alkyl substitutions has been calculated.

TL;DR: It is concluded that earthworms were affected detrimentally by the pesticides due to chronic (chlorpyrifos) and intermittent (azinphos methyl) exposure.

TL;DR: A generalized trace element mass balance model was developed to evaluate the long-term fate and transport of arsenic and cadmium in cropland soils and indicated that some of the existing fertilizer regulations are not strict enough to prevent significant accumulation of Cd in croPland soils.

TL;DR: The MDA content was linearly and positively correlated with seed germination frequency, biomass increment, root length and shoot height elongation, suggesting that MDA may be useful as a biological indicator of Cd and As toxicity in wheat.

TL;DR: Indian catfish exposed to two nonlethal doses of arsenic for 10 days induced tissue lipid peroxidation, increased the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione and produced excess H( 2)O(2) within 1-2 days of exposure, indicating the generation of oxidative stress in fish at an early stage.

TL;DR: Although SSRIs do not appear to pose a hazard to primary production, this assessment is not protective of higher aquatic organisms and further research into the chronic toxicity to low levels of SSRI to higher-level aquatic species is recommended.

TL;DR: The total number of mitotic abnormalities induced by the tested metals was reduced due to the preincubation in the ATH-rich extract, most effectively in the roots treated with Cd while by half in Cr presence, suggesting a protective action of the Ath-rich Extract from red cabbage leaves against heavy metal toxicity.

TL;DR: A biomarker of genotoxicity (the alkaline comet assay) was assessed to compare species sensitivities and E. fetida exhibited the highest level of DNA damage, although D. rubidus showed the highest increase in DNA damage from the control.

TL;DR: The model was able to predict 17-d LC50s (expressed as dissolved Ni) in most synthetic test waters within a factor 2 deviation from observed toxicity, and was also able to accurately predict 96-hLC50s for larval and juvenile fathead minnow and juvenile rainbow trout, based on data taken from literature.

TL;DR: The present results indicate limited endocrine effects of these widely used flame retardants in a test species representative of European estuaries at environmentally relevant exposure levels and at internal levels up to 4300 ng TBBPA/g wet weight, and 446 microg HBCD/g lipid weight in flounder muscle.

TL;DR: The results of a 2-year survey on the occurrence of the natural female sex hormones, estradiol and estrone and the synthetic steroid, ethinylestradiol (EE2) in the Scheldt estuary (Belgium-The Netherlands) are presented.

TL;DR: The quality of Caí river water in an area under the influence of a petrochemical complex was studied using the micronucleus assay in erythrocytes from peripheral blood of the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, indicating the potential for environmental genotoxicity monitoring.

TL;DR: The level of antioxidants increased which enabled the plant to cope up the stress induced in the plants grown on lower amendments of TS, however, toxicity was observed at higher amendments.

TL;DR: Analysis of DNA from Bt corn and Bt were persistent in aquatic environments and were detected in rivers draining farming areas, suggesting that there were multiple sources of this gene and/or that it undergoes transport by the water column.